Herron Daniel M
Division of Laparoscopic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Mt Sinai J Med. 2004 Jan;71(1):63-71.
The prevalence of obesity in the United States is increasing to epidemic proportions. At present, more than 60% of Americans are overweight. While a variety of medications are available for the treatment of obesity, none results in the long-term loss of more than 10% of body weight. The current standard for the treatment of severe obesity, defined as a body mass index of greater than 35 40 kg/m 2, is surgical. Several surgical procedures are currently available, including gastric bypass, biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch, and the adjustable gastric band. These operations may be performed using laparoscopic surgical techniques to minimize perioperative morbidity and postoperative recovery time. To optimize the outcome of this type of procedure, bariatric surgery should be performed on carefully selected patients, in centers specially equipped to care for the obese, within a broadly based, multidisciplinary setting providing lifelong postoperative care.
美国肥胖症的患病率正上升至流行程度。目前，超过60%的美国人超重。虽然有多种药物可用于治疗肥胖症，但没有一种能使体重长期减轻超过10%。目前治疗严重肥胖症（定义为体重指数大于35或40kg/m²）的标准是手术。目前有几种手术方法，包括胃旁路手术、胆胰转流十二指肠转位术和可调节胃束带术。这些手术可以使用腹腔镜手术技术进行，以尽量减少围手术期发病率和术后恢复时间。为了优化这类手术的效果，减肥手术应在精心挑选的患者身上进行，在专门配备了照顾肥胖患者设施的中心进行，且处于提供终身术后护理的广泛的多学科环境中。
