SMITH L F
Calif Med. 1950 Nov;73(5):432-8.
Psychotherapy is a word to describe an age-old process. It would be better not to speak of psychotherapy, but of psychotherapies. Specialists are not the only ones who act as psychotherapists, since every human being fills this role at one time or another. Besides this, no two persons follow an identical approach. Finally, all therapists change technique constantly. The kinds of psychotherapy must therefore approach infinity.Some physicians appear to assume that only one type of psychotherapy may claim a scientific basis. Although Freud first put psychotherapy on a scientific path, there is no reason to say that Freud must be the last in this field. Over the past few years a new trend has started in psychotherapy which deserves close study. This new trend challenges some old beliefs and gives a new tool to help patients of some types. It is called non-directive or client-centered psychotherapy. This therapy does not try to solve the patient's problems for him, but rather establishes the conditions under which a patient can work out his own salvation. Each year non-directive psychotherapy grows in importance. Much can be learned from the method.
心理治疗是一个用来描述一个古老过程的词汇。最好不要说心理治疗，而要说心理疗法。并非只有专家才充当心理治疗师，因为每个人在某些时候都扮演着这个角色。除此之外，没有两个人采用完全相同的方法。最后，所有治疗师都在不断改变技术。因此，心理疗法的种类几乎无穷无尽。一些医生似乎认为只有一种心理疗法可以声称有科学依据。虽然弗洛伊德首先将心理治疗置于科学的道路上，但没有理由说弗洛伊德一定是这个领域的最后一人。在过去几年里，心理治疗领域开始了一种新趋势，值得深入研究。这种新趋势挑战了一些旧观念，并为帮助某些类型的患者提供了一种新工具。它被称为非指导性或来访者中心疗法。这种疗法并不试图为患者解决问题，而是创造条件让患者自行找到解决办法。每年，非指导性心理治疗的重要性都在增加。从这种方法中可以学到很多东西。
