Cyanide- and hydroxamate-resistant respiration in Neurospora crassa.

Strain inl-89601 of Neurospora crassa respires exclusively by means of the mitochondrial cytochrome chain. The respiration of this strain is entirely inhibited by cyanide or antimycin A, the classical inhibitors of cytochrome chain respiration. When this strain was grown in the presence of chloramphenicol, however, two additional terminal oxidases were detected. One of these oxidases is inhibited by substituted hydroxamic acids and has been described previously. The second oxidase was not inhibited by cyanide or hydroxamic acid but was inhibited by azide in the presence of both cyanide and hydroxamic acid. This azide-sensitive respiration was due to a single respiratory pathway with a Ki for azide of 200 micrometer. A small amount of azide-sensitive respiration was detected in mitochondrial fractions obtained from chloramphenicol-treated cells, and it is likely that the azide-sensitive oxidase is localized in the mitochondrion. The determinants for the azide-sensitive and hydroxamate-sensitive oxidases segregate in a Mendelian manner in crosses and are either unlinked or not closely linked to each other.