Zeger S L, Liang K Y
Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Stat Med. 1992 Oct-Nov;11(14-15):1825-39. doi: 10.1002/sim.4780111406.
This paper reviews statistical methods for the analysis of discrete and continuous longitudinal data. The relative merits of longitudinal and cross-sectional studies are discussed. Three approaches, marginal, transition and random effects models, are presented with emphasis on the distinct interpretations of their coefficients in the discrete data case. We review generalized estimating equations for inferences about marginal models. The ideas are illustrated with analyses of a 2 x 2 crossover trial with binary responses and a randomized longitudinal study with a count outcome.
本文综述了用于分析离散和连续纵向数据的统计方法。讨论了纵向研究和横断面研究的相对优点。介绍了三种方法，即边际模型、转换模型和随机效应模型，重点阐述了在离散数据情况下它们系数的不同解释。我们回顾了用于推断边际模型的广义估计方程。通过对一个具有二元响应的2×2交叉试验和一个具有计数结果的随机纵向研究的分析来说明这些思想。
