Kawakami M, Makimoto K, Yamamoto H, Takahashi H
Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka Medical College, Japan.
Acta Otolaryngol. 1992 Nov;112(6):991-7. doi: 10.3109/00016489209137500.
Cochlear blood flow is considered to be closely related to cochlear function. Among several etiologic factors implicated in inner ear diseases, disturbance of local blood flow is held to be one of the most important. With this in view, various pharmaceuticals are currently being used to increase local blood flow in patients with inner ear diseases. In the control of blood flow there are three major factors; systemic blood pressure (perfusion pressure), vascular tone, and blood viscosity. Batroxobin (BX) was developed to increase local blood flow by lowering blood viscosity through defibrinogenation; it is used in the treatment of thrombosis and occasionally for the treatment of sudden deafness. In the present study, we observed the effect of BX on cochlear blood flow in guinea pigs, using a laser Doppler flowmeter, and measured the blood fibrinogen concentration after BX infusion. There was an obvious increase in cochlear blood flow during the observation period of 3 h after 10 BU/kg were infused, and a slight increase when 2 BU/kg were infused. Blood fibrinogen levels decreased dramatically by 30 min after BX infusion (10 BU/kg), and the extremely low level attained was maintained throughout the 3-h observation period. Hemorrhage from the surgically opened ear was noted in 2 animals during the experiment and rectal bleeding in one.
耳蜗血流被认为与耳蜗功能密切相关。在内耳疾病涉及的几种病因中，局部血流紊乱被认为是最重要的因素之一。鉴于此，目前正在使用各种药物来增加内耳疾病患者的局部血流。在血流控制方面有三个主要因素：全身血压（灌注压）、血管张力和血液粘度。巴曲酶（BX）是通过去纤维蛋白作用降低血液粘度来增加局部血流而开发的；它用于治疗血栓形成，偶尔也用于治疗突发性耳聋。在本研究中，我们使用激光多普勒血流仪观察了BX对豚鼠耳蜗血流的影响，并在输注BX后测量了血液纤维蛋白原浓度。输注10 BU/kg后3小时的观察期内，耳蜗血流明显增加，输注2 BU/kg时略有增加。输注BX（10 BU/kg）后30分钟，血液纤维蛋白原水平显著下降，在整个3小时观察期内维持在极低水平。实验期间，2只动物出现手术打开的耳朵出血，1只出现直肠出血。
