Siskind V, Najman J M, Veitch C
Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Queensland.
Aust J Public Health. 1992 Sep;16(3):315-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.1992.tb00072.x.
Using the methodology of an earlier study of socioeconomic mortality gradients, we partitioned Brisbane City into five strata of equal size on the basis of suburb scores derived from aggregate socioeconomic census data. Numbers of deaths by stratum, age, sex and cause were obtained from mortality files. For almost all causes, mortality gradients had not changed between 1976-1979 and 1980-1987. A new category, medically-preventable death under age 65, had lower rates in higher-ranking suburbs. Potential years of life lost (PYLL) per unit of population, age-standardised, were also computed by stratum and cause. External causes of death were the main contributors to PYLL among men, with a strong socioeconomic gradient, while neoplasms were most important among women, with little evidence of a social class effect. It is estimated that, in urban Australia, the annual number of additional deaths under age 65 due to socioeconomic circumstances is over 2000 for males and over 1000 for females. This study provides a baseline against which the programs of health advancement initiated in the mid-1980s may be evaluated, or conversely, the effects of societal changes assessed.
我们采用早期一项关于社会经济死亡率梯度研究的方法，根据综合社会经济普查数据得出的郊区得分，将布里斯班市划分为五个规模相等的层次。各层次、年龄、性别和死因的死亡人数从死亡率档案中获取。几乎所有死因的死亡率梯度在1976 - 1979年和1980 - 1987年期间都没有变化。一个新的类别，即65岁以下可预防的医疗死亡，在排名较高的郊区发生率较低。还按层次和死因计算了每单位人口的年龄标准化潜在寿命损失年数（PYLL）。男性中，外部死因是PYLL的主要贡献因素，存在很强的社会经济梯度，而女性中肿瘤最为重要，几乎没有社会阶层效应的证据。据估计，在澳大利亚城市地区，由于社会经济状况导致的65岁以下男性每年额外死亡人数超过2000人，女性超过1000人。这项研究提供了一个基线，据此可以评估20世纪80年代中期启动的健康促进项目，或者相反，评估社会变革的影响。
