Eriksson Per-Olof, Zafar Hamayun, Häggman-Henrikson Birgitta
Department of Odontology, Clinical Oral Physiology, Umeå University, Sweden.
Eur J Oral Sci. 2004 Feb;112(1):25-32. doi: 10.1111/j.0909-8836.2004.00098.x.
Recent findings of simultaneous and well coordinated head-neck movements during single as well as rhythmic jaw opening-closing tasks has led to the conclusion that 'functional jaw movements' are the result of activation of jaw as well as neck muscles, leading to simultaneous movements in the temporomandibular, atlanto-occipital and cervical spine joints. It can therefore be assumed that disease or injury to any of these joint systems would disturb natural jaw function. To test this hypothesis, amplitudes, temporal coordination, and spatiotemporal consistency of concomitant mandibular and head-neck movements during single maximal jaw opening-closing tasks were analysed in 25 individuals suffering from whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) using optoelectronic movement recording technique. In addition, the relative durations for which the head position was equal to, leading ahead of, or lagging behind the mandibular position during the entire jaw opening-closing cycle were determined. Compared with healthy individuals, the WAD group showed smaller amplitudes, and changed temporal coordination between mandibular and head-neck movements. No divergence from healthy individuals was found for the spatiotemporal consistency or for the analysis during the entire jaw opening-closing cycle. These findings in the WAD group of a 'faulty', but yet consistent, jaw-neck behavior may reflect a basic importance of linked control of the jaw and neck sensory-motor systems. In conclusion, the present results suggest that neck injury is associated with deranged control of mandibular and head-neck movements during jaw opening-closing tasks, and therefore might compromise natural jaw function.
最近的研究发现，在单次以及有节奏的下颌开合任务中，头部和颈部会同时出现协调良好的运动。由此得出结论：“功能性下颌运动”是下颌肌肉和颈部肌肉共同激活的结果，会导致颞下颌关节、寰枕关节和颈椎关节同时运动。因此可以推测，这些关节系统中任何一个出现疾病或损伤，都会干扰正常的下颌功能。为了验证这一假设，研究人员使用光电运动记录技术，对25名患有挥鞭样损伤相关疾病（WAD）的个体在单次最大幅度下颌开合任务中，下颌与头部和颈部伴随运动的幅度、时间协调性以及时空一致性进行了分析。此外，还确定了在整个下颌开合周期中，头部位置与下颌位置相等、领先或滞后的相对持续时间。与健康个体相比，WAD组的运动幅度较小，下颌与头部和颈部运动之间的时间协调性也发生了变化。在时空一致性方面，以及在整个下颌开合周期的分析中，未发现与健康个体有差异。WAD组中这种“有缺陷但仍保持一致”的颌颈行为的研究结果，可能反映了颌部和颈部感觉运动系统联动控制的基本重要性。总之，目前的研究结果表明，颈部损伤与下颌开合任务中下颌及头部和颈部运动的控制紊乱有关，因此可能会损害正常的下颌功能。
