Alington D E, Leaf R C, Monaghan J R
Institute for Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903.
J Psychol. 1992 Sep;126(5):539-53. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1992.10543387.
Redundant color information improved performance for both sexes on the Shepard Mental Rotations Task (MRT; Shepard & Metzler, 1971). Absolute score gains for women were larger than those for men; therefore, relative improvement was greater. Substantial practice effects, also favoring women, were apparent in both studies. Study 1 showed that redundant color improved performance by 0.25 SD. Study 2 demonstrated that redundant black-and-white pattern information did not have any effect; a second visuospatial channel, redundant color, was a critical factor in improving scores of men and women on difficult mental rotations tasks.
在谢泼德心理旋转任务（MRT；谢泼德和梅茨勒，1971年）中，冗余颜色信息提高了男性和女性的表现。女性的绝对分数增益大于男性；因此，相对改善更大。在两项研究中都明显存在显著的练习效应，且这种效应也有利于女性。研究1表明，冗余颜色使表现提高了0.25个标准差。研究2表明，冗余的黑白图案信息没有任何效果；第二个视觉空间通道，即冗余颜色，是提高男性和女性在困难心理旋转任务中的分数的关键因素。
