Hamosh M, Bitman J
Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20007.
Lipids. 1992 Nov;27(11):848-57. doi: 10.1007/BF02535863.
Differences in the lipid composition of human milk have been described in maternal diseases known to affect fat metabolism. Diseases such as diabetes, cystic fibrosis, hypobetalipoproteinemia and Type I hyperlipoproteinemia affect the quantity and quality of human milk fat. Increased fatty acid chain elongation and changes in desaturation (especially delta 6 desaturase), as well as changes in lipid class composition, have been shown in diabetes and cystic fibrosis, whereas compensatory increases in medium-chain fatty acids have been described in hypobetalipoproteinemia and Type I hyperlipoproteinemia. It is important to realize that these observations were made either on single women or on very small groups of women. In infant diseases, such as breast milk jaundice and ectopic eczema, changes in polyunsaturated fatty acids in maternal milk have been described.
已知影响脂肪代谢的母体疾病中，人乳的脂质组成存在差异。糖尿病、囊性纤维化、低β脂蛋白血症和I型高脂蛋白血症等疾病会影响人乳脂肪的数量和质量。糖尿病和囊性纤维化患者中，脂肪酸链延长增加、去饱和作用（尤其是δ6去饱和酶）发生变化，以及脂质类别组成改变；而低β脂蛋白血症和I型高脂蛋白血症患者中，中链脂肪酸出现代偿性增加。需要认识到的是，这些观察结果是在个别女性或非常小的女性群体中得出的。在婴儿疾病中，如母乳性黄疸和异位性湿疹，已观察到母体乳汁中多不饱和脂肪酸的变化。
