Eiselt M, Curzi-Dascalova L, Leffler C, Christova E
INSERM, CJF 89-09, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France.
Neuropediatrics. 1992 Dec;23(6):286-91. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1071360.
The functional linkage in the cardio-respiratory system demands precise coordination of their activity. Sighs provide an opportunity to study the interaction and the maturation of the autonomic nervous system. In 4 groups of normal, sleeping newborns (31 to 41 weeks conceptional age [wCA], 2 to 10 days postnatal age) we investigated heart rate changes caused by sighs by means of polygraphy. In full-term (39-41 wCA) and near-term newborns (37-38 wCA) sighs during quiet sleep (QS) were accompanied by heart rate acceleration (p < 0.01) and thereafter by heart rate deceleration (p < 0.01). During active sleep (AS) only heart rate acceleration (p < 0.01) was observable. In prematures (35-36 wCA) acceleration could be observed in QS (p < 0.01) and AS (p < 0.01) but no deceleration in QS. In prematures of 31-34 wCA no changes during AS and QS could be detected. Body movements caused heart rate acceleration but no heart rate deceleration. In conclusion, it can be hypothesized that heart rate acceleration may be caused by reduced vagotonus initiated by augmented lung volume and movements. Sigh-related changes responsible for heart rate deceleration occur solely during quiet sleep. In prematures of 31-34 wCA these reflexes are not developed.
心肺系统中的功能联系要求其活动精确协调。叹气为研究自主神经系统的相互作用和成熟提供了一个机会。在4组正常睡眠的新生儿（孕龄31至41周[wCA]，出生后2至10天）中，我们通过多导记录法研究了叹气引起的心率变化。在足月儿（39 - 41 wCA）和近足月儿（37 - 38 wCA）中，安静睡眠（QS）期间的叹气伴随着心率加速（p < 0.01），随后是心率减速（p < 0.01）。在主动睡眠（AS）期间，仅观察到心率加速（p < 0.01）。在早产儿（35 - 36 wCA）中，QS（p < 0.01）和AS（p < 0.01）期间均可观察到加速，但QS期间无减速。在31 - 34 wCA的早产儿中，AS和QS期间均未检测到变化。身体运动引起心率加速，但无心率减速。总之，可以推测心率加速可能是由肺容积增加和运动引发的迷走神经张力降低所致。与叹气相关的导致心率减速的变化仅在安静睡眠期间出现。在31 - 34 wCA的早产儿中，这些反射尚未发育。
