Li X, Cooley B C, Gruel S M, Ye Z, Gould J S
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.
Microsurgery. 1992;13(4):208-13. doi: 10.1002/micr.1920130413.
A new rat model of free muscle flap transfer is presented. Microvascular transplantation of the cutaneous maximus muscle flap is performed at the groin site, with anastomosis of the axillary vessels to the appropriate femoral vessels. This muscle flap has many useful attributes for experimental manipulation. It has a high success rate following transplantation, the anatomy is consistent, the dissection is straightforward, the length of pedicle is relatively long (10 mm), the vessels for repair are of sufficient size (1.0-1.35 mm diameter), and the microsurgical procedure can be performed in a relatively short period. The donor site deficit causes minimal impairment to animal mobility, and no evidence of limb ischemia is noted after ligation of the axillary vessels. The cutaneous area adjacent to the muscle is perfused by muscular perforators supplied by the flap pedicle; thus a skin island may be used to monitor the flap or to create a composite myocutaneous transfer. The cutaneous maximus muscle has mixed muscle types and anatomic dimensions similar to those of the latissimus dorsi muscle, and it provides ample tissue for pharmacological and biochemical studies, yet it presents easier dissection and microanastomoses than the latissimus flap, with more potential for versatility in application. The advantages of this muscle flap make it a very useful experimental model for flap transfer research.
本文介绍了一种新的游离肌皮瓣移植大鼠模型。在腹股沟部位进行臀大肌皮瓣的微血管移植，将腋窝血管与相应的股血管进行吻合。该肌皮瓣具有许多有利于实验操作的特性。移植后成功率高，解剖结构一致，解剖操作简单，蒂长相对较长（10毫米），用于修复的血管尺寸足够（直径1.0 - 1.35毫米），显微外科手术可在相对较短的时间内完成。供区缺损对动物活动能力的影响最小，结扎腋窝血管后未发现肢体缺血的迹象。肌皮瓣蒂部供应的肌穿支为邻近肌肉的皮肤区域供血；因此，可使用皮岛监测皮瓣或进行复合肌皮瓣移植。臀大肌具有混合肌类型，解剖尺寸与背阔肌相似，为药理学和生物化学研究提供了充足的组织，但其解剖和显微吻合比背阔肌皮瓣更容易，应用的通用性潜力更大。这种肌皮瓣的优点使其成为皮瓣移植研究中非常有用的实验模型。
