Spitkovskiĭ D M
Radiobiologiia. 1992 May-Jun;32(3):382-400.
A concept is proposed where the events induced by low doses of ionizing radiation with low linear energy transfer have different script than those induced by high doses. Its essence consist in the existence of a small fraction (subpopulation) in clonal heterogeneous population whose cells are determined for a specific programmed response induced by a number of action that are potentially able (at high doses) to decrease the survival of the given population. The function of the postulated cell is a deliberate sacrifice necessary for formation of evolutionary reserve. A mechanism of this response is based on an autogeneration of wide-scale genome rearrangements in cells and is not connected with direct influence of genetically hazardous agents on DNA. This leads to arising of a number of genetic variants (evolutionary reserve cells). Selection among them enhancing survival of the population may in the same time lead to harmful consequences for the organism (if there are malfunctions of the immune system). Medical-biological consequences of the effect of low doses are associated with the appearance of such clones and biologically active products secreted from the exposed cells. Mechanisms responsible for the above phenomena are discussed.
提出了一个概念，即低线性能量传递的低剂量电离辐射所引发的事件与高剂量电离辐射所引发的事件具有不同的模式。其本质在于克隆异质群体中存在一小部分（亚群体）细胞，这些细胞对于一系列作用（在高剂量时）可能会降低给定群体存活率的特定程序性反应具有决定性作用。假定细胞的功能是为形成进化储备而进行的有意牺牲。这种反应的机制基于细胞中大规模基因组重排的自发产生，且与遗传危害因子对DNA的直接影响无关。这会导致产生许多遗传变体（进化储备细胞）。在这些变体中进行选择以提高群体的存活率，同时可能会对生物体产生有害后果（如果免疫系统出现故障）。低剂量效应的医学生物学后果与此类克隆的出现以及受照射细胞分泌的生物活性产物有关。文中讨论了导致上述现象的机制。
