de Winter Leandra J M, Hoyng Carel B, Froeling Paul G A M, Meulendijks Carina F M, van der Wilt Gert J
Department of Technology Assessment, University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Gerontology. 2004 Mar-Apr;50(2):96-101. doi: 10.1159/000075560.
Prevalence of remediable visual disability among institutionalised elderly people, resulting from inappropriate use or non-use of low-vision aids, is reported to be high, but largely rests on anecdotal evidence.
To estimate the prevalence of binocular low vision and underlying eye diseases among institutionalised elderly people in a Dutch urban population and the size of remediable visual disability as the result of inappropriately corrected low vision.
The design was a cross-sectional survey of 284 subjects with low vision (corrected binocular vision <0.4) in nursing homes and homes for the elderly in the Netherlands.
284 of 610 eligible residents were examined. The prevalence of binocular low vision was 31.3%. Among elderly residents with low vision, prevalence of cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy was 77.9, 37.7, 5.2 and 5.2%, respectively. In 32 residents (41.6%), (non)-use of low-vision aids was considered inappropriate. In 50 residents (64.9%), visual disability was considered at least partially remediable, either through better use of low-vision aids, or through cataract extraction. Residents who were not optimally corrected for low vision were significantly more functionally impaired compared with their peers who were optimally corrected.
Low vision is likely to be highly prevalent among institutionalised elderly. A significant amount of the associated visual disability may be remediable.
据报道，在机构养老的老年人中，因低视力辅助器具使用不当或未使用而导致的可矫正视力残疾患病率很高，但这主要基于轶事证据。
估计荷兰城市人口中机构养老的老年人双眼低视力及潜在眼病的患病率，以及因低视力矫正不当导致的可矫正视力残疾的规模。
对荷兰养老院和老年之家的284名低视力患者（双眼矫正视力<0.4）进行横断面调查。
在610名符合条件的居民中，284人接受了检查。双眼低视力的患病率为31.3%。在低视力老年居民中，白内障、年龄相关性黄斑变性、青光眼和糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率分别为77.9%、37.7%、5.2%和5.2%。在32名居民（41.6%）中，（未）使用低视力辅助器具被认为是不恰当的。在50名居民（64.9%）中，视力残疾被认为至少部分可通过更好地使用低视力辅助器具或白内障摘除来矫正。与视力矫正最佳的同龄人相比，低视力矫正不佳的居民功能受损明显更严重。
低视力在机构养老的老年人中可能非常普遍。大量相关的视力残疾可能是可矫正的。
