Golbabaei Farideh, Barghi Mohammad-Ali, Sakhaei Manouchehr
School of Public Health, Institute of Public Health Research, P.O. Box: 6446 Tehran 14155, I. R. Iran
Ind Health. 2004 Jan;42(1):29-33. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.42.29.
The present research was conducted in a stone quarry of marble located in northeast of Iran. Time weighted average of total dust, respirable dust, and crystalline silica (alpha-quartz) concentration in workers' breathing zone were monitored by using both gravimetric and XRD methods. The results showed that the employees working in hammer drill process had the highest exposure to the total and respirable dust: 107.9 +/- 8.0 mg/m3, 11.2 +/- 0.77 mg/m3 respectively, while the cutting machine workers had the lowest exposure (9.3 +/- 3.0 mg/m3, 1.8 +/- 0.82 mg/m3). The maximum concentration of a-quartz in total and respirable dust were detected equal to 0.670 +/- 8.49 x 10(-2) and 5.7 x 10(-2) +/- 1.6 x 10(-2) mg/m3 respectively, which belonged to the exposure of the workers of hammer drill process. The prevalence of skin and respiratory symptoms were higher in hammer drill workers, however, respiratory symptoms showed no significant prevalence. Regarding the average age of workers (31.6 +/- 1.9 yr) and average of their work history (3.8 +/- 1.0 yr), these results were predictable.
本研究在伊朗东北部的一个大理石采石场进行。采用重量法和X射线衍射法监测工人呼吸带中总粉尘、可吸入粉尘和结晶二氧化硅（α-石英）浓度的时间加权平均值。结果表明，从事风钻作业的员工接触总粉尘和可吸入粉尘的量最高，分别为107.9±8.0mg/m³、11.2±0.77mg/m³，而切割机操作人员的接触量最低（9.3±3.0mg/m³、1.8±0.82mg/m³）。总粉尘和可吸入粉尘中α-石英的最大浓度分别检测为0.670±8.49×10⁻²和5.7×10⁻²±1.6×10⁻²mg/m³，均属于风钻作业工人的接触量。风钻工人皮肤和呼吸道症状的患病率较高，但呼吸道症状的患病率无显著差异。考虑到工人的平均年龄（31.6±1.9岁）和平均工作年限（3.8±1.0年），这些结果是可预测的。
