Siewert Elizabeth A, Stallings Michael C, Hewitt John K
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0447, USA.
Twin Res. 2003 Dec;6(6):490-6. doi: 10.1375/136905203322686482.
We investigated the etiology of six problem behaviors that might facilitate an understanding of behavioral pathways to substance use and abuse in adolescents. These behavioral measures, classified as Conduct Problems, Hyperactivity, School Problems, Low Self-esteem, Neuroticism, and Social Withdrawal were the result of a previously reported (Siewert et al., 2003) modification of the Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI; Tarter, 1990; Tarter & Hegedus, 1991). We developed these measures as interpretable components of risk for substance use and abuse in a community based sample of 633 twin pairs, who were under the legal drinking age of 21 (mean age = 15.0 years). Using multivariate analyses, model comparisons indicated that these six behavioral measures could be thought of as two heritable, and genetically distinct, dimensions of problem behavior. Two closely competing models resulted from our analyses. The best fitting model hypothesized a general genetic factor loading on all 6 behavioral measures with a second genetic factor loading on only the three internalizing behavioral measures with loadings of 0.25-0.59 and 0.26-0.44, respectively. A second model, which fit the data almost as well, hypothesized one genetic factor loading only on the externalizing behavioral measures, and a second genetic factor loading only on the internalizing behavioral measures, with a correlation between the two latent factors of 0.75. Because our analyses show that there are two genetically distinct factors influencing these six problem behaviors, we anticipate that there may be different patterns of relationship of these factors to risk for substance use, abuse, and dependence.
我们调查了六种问题行为的病因，这些行为可能有助于理解青少年物质使用和滥用的行为途径。这些行为指标分为品行问题、多动、学校问题、低自尊、神经质和社交退缩，是先前报道的（Siewert等人，2003年）对药物使用筛查量表（DUSI；Tarter，1990年；Tarter和Hegedus，1991年）进行修改后的结果。我们在一个由633对双胞胎组成的社区样本中开发了这些指标，作为物质使用和滥用风险的可解释组成部分，这些双胞胎的法定饮酒年龄在21岁以下（平均年龄 = 15.0岁）。使用多变量分析，模型比较表明，这六种行为指标可以被认为是问题行为的两个可遗传且基因上不同的维度。我们的分析产生了两个竞争激烈的模型。拟合度最好的模型假设一个一般遗传因素加载在所有6种行为指标上，另一个遗传因素仅加载在三种内化行为指标上，加载系数分别为0.25 - 0.59和0.26 - 0.44。第二个模型几乎同样拟合数据，它假设一个遗传因素仅加载在外化行为指标上，另一个遗传因素仅加载在内化行为指标上，两个潜在因素之间的相关性为0.75。因为我们的分析表明有两个基因上不同的因素影响这六种问题行为，所以我们预计这些因素与物质使用、滥用和依赖风险之间可能存在不同的关系模式。
