Mallapur Avanti, Choudhury B C
Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, India.
J Appl Anim Welf Sci. 2003;6(4):275-84. doi: 10.1207/s15327604jaws0604_2.
In this study, we dealt with 11 species of nonhuman primates across 10 zoos in India. We recorded behavior as instantaneous scans between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. In the study, we segregated behaviors for analyses into abnormal, undesirable, active, and resting. The 4 types of abnormal behavior exhibited included floating limb, self-biting, self-clasping, and stereotypic pacing. In the study, we recorded 2 types of undesirable behavior: autoerotic stimulation and begging. Langurs and group-housed macaques did not exhibit undesirable behaviors. A male lion-tailed macaque and a male gibbon exhibited begging behavior. autoerotic stimulation and self-biting occurred rarely. Males exhibited higher levels of undesirable behavior than did females. Animals confiscated from touring zoos, circuses, and animal traders exhibited higher levels of abnormal behaviors than did animals reared in larger, recognized zoos. The stump-tailed macaque was the only species to exhibit floating limb, autoerotic stimulation, self-biting, and self-clasping. Our results show that rearing experience and group composition influence the proportions of abnormal behavior exhibited by nonhuman primates in captivity. The history of early social and environmental deprivation in these species of captive nonhuman primates probably is critical in the development of behavioral pathologies. Establishing this will require further research.
在本研究中，我们研究了印度10家动物园中的11种非人类灵长类动物。我们在上午9点至下午5点之间进行即时扫描记录行为。在研究中，我们将行为分为异常、不良、活跃和休息四类进行分析。观察到的4种异常行为包括肢体悬空、自咬、自我抱握和刻板踱步。在研究中，我们记录了2种不良行为：自慰刺激和乞食。叶猴和群居猕猴未表现出不良行为。一只雄性狮尾猕猴和一只雄性长臂猿表现出乞食行为。自慰刺激和自咬行为很少发生。雄性比雌性表现出更高水平的不良行为。从巡回动物园、马戏团和动物交易商处没收的动物比在较大的正规动物园饲养的动物表现出更高水平的异常行为。 stump-tailed猕猴是唯一表现出肢体悬空、自慰刺激、自咬和自我抱握行为的物种。我们的研究结果表明，饲养经历和群体组成会影响圈养非人类灵长类动物表现出的异常行为比例。这些圈养非人类灵长类动物早期社会和环境剥夺的历史可能对行为病理学的发展至关重要。要证实这一点还需要进一步的研究。
