Kiely J L, Kleinman J C, Kiely M
Division of Analysis, National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Md. 20782.
Am J Dis Child. 1992 Jul;146(7):862-8. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160190094029.
To describe changes in rates of higher-order multiple births (triplets and higher) between 1972 and 1989, to compare infant mortality rates in infants of higher-order multiple births and singletons born from 1983 through 1985, and to compare infant mortality rates among higher-order multiples born from 1983 through 1985 with rates among those born in 1960.
Population-based analysis of live births (1972 through 1989) and infant deaths (1960 and 1983 through 1985) in the United States. The rate of higher-order multiple births was calculated per 100,000 live births.
Computerized national natality files for 1972 through 1989 and national linked birth/infant death data sets for 1960 and 1983 through 1985 from the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control.
Live births to white and black women in the United States.
None.
Between 1972 through 1974 and 1985 through 1989 the rate of higher-order multiple births increased by 113% among infants of white mothers and by 22% among infants of black mothers. In whites the increase was mostly age specific and was not due to the upward shift in the maternal age distribution. The increase was particularly large in white women aged 30 through 34 years (152%) and 35 through 39 years (165%) and in more highly educated mothers. In blacks the modest increase in the rate of higher-order multiple births was mostly due to an upward shift in the maternal age distribution. From 1983 through 1985, mortality of infants of higher-order multiple births was about 15 times that of singletons. This was due almost entirely to the lower birth weight distribution of infants of higher-order multiple births. Their weight-specific mortality compared favorably with that of singletons. At 500 through 999 g, mortality was about the same. In weight categories between 1000 and 1999 g, mortality rates in higher-order multiple births were much lower: weight-specific relative risks ranged from 0.30 to 0.73. Between 1960 and 1983 through 1985 infant mortality in higher-order multiple births declined by about 50%.
It is likely that much of the increase in the incidence of higher-order multiple births is due to the rise in the use of ovulation-inducing drugs for the treatment of infertility. This increase and the decline in mortality risk have created a much greater need for medical and social services for infants of higher-order multiple births and their families.
描述1972年至1989年间高阶多胞胎（三胞胎及以上）出生率的变化，比较1983年至1985年出生的高阶多胞胎婴儿与单胞胎婴儿的死亡率，并比较1983年至1985年出生的高阶多胞胎婴儿与1960年出生的高阶多胞胎婴儿的死亡率。
对美国1972年至1989年的活产婴儿以及1960年和1983年至1985年的婴儿死亡情况进行基于人群的分析。高阶多胞胎出生率按每10万活产婴儿计算。
1972年至1989年的计算机化全国出生记录档案以及疾病控制中心国家卫生统计中心提供的1960年和1983年至1985年的全国出生/婴儿死亡关联数据集。
美国白人及黑人女性的活产婴儿。
无。
在1972年至1974年以及1985年至1989年期间，白人母亲所生婴儿的高阶多胞胎出生率上升了113%，黑人母亲所生婴儿的该出生率上升了22%。在白人中，这种上升大多具有年龄特异性，并非由于母亲年龄分布的上移。在30至34岁（上升152%）和35至39岁（上升165%）的白人女性以及受教育程度较高的母亲中，这种上升尤为显著。在黑人中，高阶多胞胎出生率的适度上升主要是由于母亲年龄分布的上移。1983年至1985年期间，高阶多胞胎婴儿的死亡率约为单胞胎婴儿的15倍。这几乎完全是由于高阶多胞胎婴儿的低出生体重分布所致。他们的体重特异性死亡率与单胞胎婴儿相比具有优势。在500至999克时，死亡率大致相同。在1000至1999克的体重类别中，高阶多胞胎婴儿的死亡率要低得多：体重特异性相对风险范围为0.30至0.73。1960年至1983年至1985年期间，高阶多胞胎婴儿的死亡率下降了约5...
