Yang F, Fu B, O'Brien P C M, Robinson T J, Ryder O A, Ferguson-Smith M A
Centre for Veterinary Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Cytogenet Genome Res. 2003;102(1-4):235-43. doi: 10.1159/000075755.
Complete sets of chromosome-specific painting probes, derived from flow-sorted chromosomes of human (HSA), Equus caballus (ECA) and Equus burchelli (EBU) were used to delineate conserved chromosomal segments between human and Equus burchelli, and among four equid species, E. przewalskii (EPR), E. caballus, E. burchelli and E. zebra hartmannae (EZH) by cross-species chromosome painting. Genome-wide comparative maps between these species have been established. Twenty-two human autosomal probes revealed 48 conserved segments in E. burchelli. The adjacent segment combinations HSA3/21, 7/16p, 16q/19q, 14/15, 12/22 and 4/8, presumed ancestral syntenies for all eutherian mammals, were also found conserved in E. burchelli. The comparative maps of equids allow for the unequivocal characterization of chromosomal rearrangements that differentiate the karyotypes of these equid species. The karyotypes of E. przewalskii and E. caballus differ by one Robertsonian translocation (ECA5 = EPR23 + EPR24); numerous Robertsonian translocations and tandem fusions and several inversions account for the karyotypic differences between the horses and zebras. Our results shed new light on the karyotypic evolution of Equidae.
完整的染色体特异性涂染探针集源自人类（HSA）、马（ECA）和山斑马（EBU）的流式分选染色体，用于通过跨物种染色体涂染来描绘人类与山斑马之间以及四种马科动物（普氏野马（EPR）、马、山斑马和细纹斑马（EZH））之间保守的染色体片段。已经建立了这些物种之间的全基因组比较图谱。22个人类常染色体探针在山斑马中揭示了48个保守片段。相邻片段组合HSA3/21、7/16p、16q/19q、14/15、12/22和4/8，被认为是所有真兽类哺乳动物的祖先同线性，在山斑马中也被发现是保守的。马科动物的比较图谱有助于明确区分这些马科动物核型的染色体重排特征。普氏野马和马的核型因一次罗伯逊易位（ECA5 = EPR23 + EPR24）而不同；众多的罗伯逊易位、串联融合和几次倒位导致了马和斑马之间的核型差异。我们的结果为马科动物的核型进化提供了新的线索。
