Hennington Gabriella, Johnson Jean, Penrose Jennifer, Barr Kory, McMulkin Mark L, Vander Linden Darl W
Department of Physical Therapy, Easter Washington University, Spokane 99202-1675, USA.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jan;85(1):70-6. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(03)00407-6.
To evaluate the effect of seat height on sit-to-stand (STS) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and in children without disabilities.
A mixed design (subject type by seat height) with repeated measures for seat height.
Motion analysis laboratory.
Ten children with mild CP (mean age, 10.9+/-2.7 y) and 10 children without disabilities (mean age, 8.7+/-2.4 y).
Kinematic and force measurements of STS were completed with 6 infrared cameras and 2 forceplates.
Phase duration of the STS movement, amplitude and timing of ground reaction forces, and maximum head velocity during the movement.
Children with CP took significantly longer to rise to standing (1.71 s) than children without disabilities (1.24 s) (F(1,18)=16.97). The extension phase of STS was also significantly longer for children with CP (.85 s) than for children without disabilities (.45 s) (F(1,18)=18.73). Seat height did not affect time to stand for either children with CP or children without disabilities (F(1,18)=2.82, P>.05). The duration of the extension phase, maximum horizontal and vertical velocity of the head, and maximum vertical ground reaction force were all significantly greater when children stood from the low bench height than from the higher bench height, although we found no significant differences by subject type for maximum horizontal and vertical head velocity or for maximum vertical ground reaction force.
Although children with CP were able to modify their motor programs for STS to accommodate changes in seat height as readily as nondisabled children, the speed with which they extended against gravity was slower; therefore, the total STS movement took longer for them to complete than for children without disabilities. Because the time to complete STS from the low and high bench did not differ, it would appear that time to ascend from sitting may be invariant and therefore be a motor control parameter for the STS movement.
评估座椅高度对脑瘫儿童和无残疾儿童从坐立位到站立位（STS）动作的影响。
采用混合设计（受试者类型×座椅高度），对座椅高度进行重复测量。
运动分析实验室。
10名轻度脑瘫儿童（平均年龄10.9±2.7岁）和10名无残疾儿童（平均年龄8.7±2.4岁）。
使用6台红外摄像机和2块测力板完成STS动作的运动学和力的测量。
STS动作的阶段持续时间、地面反作用力的幅度和时间，以及动作过程中的最大头部速度。
脑瘫儿童站立起来所需的时间（1.71秒）明显长于无残疾儿童（1.24秒）（F(1,18)=16.97）。脑瘫儿童STS动作的伸展阶段（0.85秒）也明显长于无残疾儿童（0.45秒）（F(1,18)=18.73）。座椅高度对脑瘫儿童和无残疾儿童的站立时间均无影响（F(1,18)=2.82，P>0.05）。当儿童从较低的长凳高度站立时，伸展阶段的持续时间、头部的最大水平和垂直速度以及最大垂直地面反作用力均明显大于从较高长凳高度站立时，尽管我们发现按受试者类型划分，头部的最大水平和垂直速度或最大垂直地面反作用力并无显著差异。
尽管脑瘫儿童能够像无残疾儿童一样轻松地调整其STS动作的运动程序以适应座椅高度的变化，但他们对抗重力伸展的速度较慢；因此，他们完成整个STS动作所需的时间比无残疾儿童更长。由于从低长凳和高长凳完成STS动作的时间没有差异，似乎从坐姿起身的时间可能是不变的，因此是STS动作的一个运动控制参数。
