Arrindell Willem A, Kolk Annemarie M, Martín Katia, Kwee M G T, Booms Ellen O H
Department of Clinical Psychology, Heymans Institute, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, Groningen 9712 TS, The Netherlands.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2003 Sep-Dec;34(3-4):251-67. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2003.10.002.
Eisler and Blalock (Clin. Psychol. Rev. 11 (1991) 45) developed a cognitively mediated notion of Masculine Gender Role Stress (MGRS) which assumes that rigid commitment to masculine schemata for appraisal and coping with life's problems may both produce stress and result in dysfunctional coping patterns in men. Previous findings obtained in a non-clinical sample pointed to the ability of the MGRS General scale to predict different forms of irrational fears. Using a predominantly psychologically distressed sample, the present study replicated this finding. In addition, different subordinate concepts of MGRS (Physical inadequacy, Emotional inexpressiveness, Subordination to women, Intellectual inferiority, and Performance failure) predicted Agoraphobic fears, Blood-Injury fears, Social fears, and Obsessional checking and washing compulsions distinctively. Intellectual inferiority was the strongest predictor of Social fears. Most MGRS measures emerged as better predictors of Checking than of Washing rituals. There were no sex differences in the predictive capabilities of any of the MGRS measures on any of the criterion measures. A hypothetical explanation is given for the observation of MGRS being more strongly predictive of Checking than of Washing rituals using the concept of "inflated responsibility". Implications for assessment, treatment and further studies are briefly pinpointed.
艾斯勒和布莱洛克(《临床心理学评论》11 卷(1991 年)第 45 页)提出了一种认知中介的男性性别角色压力(MGRS)概念,该概念假定,在评估和应对生活问题时对男性模式的严格遵循,可能既会产生压力,又会导致男性出现功能失调的应对模式。先前在非临床样本中获得的研究结果表明,MGRS 综合量表能够预测不同形式的非理性恐惧。本研究以心理困扰为主的样本重复了这一发现。此外,MGRS 的不同从属概念(身体不足、情感表达障碍、对女性的从属、智力劣势和表现失败)对广场恐惧、血液-受伤恐惧、社交恐惧以及强迫性检查和洗涤行为有独特的预测作用。智力劣势是社交恐惧的最强预测因素。大多数 MGRS 测量指标对检查行为的预测能力比对洗涤仪式的预测能力更强。在任何标准测量指标上,任何 MGRS 测量指标的预测能力都不存在性别差异。运用“过度责任感”的概念,对 MGRS 对检查行为的预测比对洗涤仪式的预测更强这一观察结果给出了一种假设性解释。简要指出了对评估、治疗和进一步研究的启示。