Benítez-Aranda Herminia, Vélez-Ruelas María Antonieta, Díaz-Cárdenas Sandra, Sánchez-Valle Elizabeth, Xolotl-Castillo Moisés, Dueñas-González María Teresa, Mayani Hector
Department of Hematology, Pediatrics Hospital, Siglo XXI National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
Hematology. 2002 Aug;7(4):229-32. doi: 10.1080/1024533021000024085.
Aplastic anemia (AA) is a hematological disease characterized by the deficient production of blood cells. The incidence of AA worldwide is low (1-5 new cases per 10(6) individuals per year). In contrast to other countries, no current reports exist on the incidence of this disorder in Mexico. In the present study, we have determined the incidence of AA in a defined subpopulation from Mexico City during the period 1996-2000. For the purpose of this study, we focused on the experience from a single medical institution: the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), which covers around 50% of Mexico's population. The incidence of AA was determined based on the actual number of patients diagnosed with this disease at the IMSS in Mexico City in a given year and the total number of individuals registered at the IMSS in Mexico City in the same year. Considering the IMSS population as a whole, the annual incidence of AA was 3.9 new cases per 10(6) individuals per year. In the pediatric population, the annual incidence was 4.2 new cases per 10(6) individuals per year, whereas in people 15-years-old and older the incidence was 3.8 new cases per 10(6) individuals per year. These incidences were higher than those reported in most studies from the USA, Europe and Israel. Compared to the incidence in Thailand, the incidence we observed in children was considerably higher, whereas the one in adults was similar to the one in that country. The results of the present study suggest that the incidence of AA in Mexico City is one of the highest worldwide, particularly in terms of the pediatric population; however, these results must be taken with caution since this study comprises only a subpopulation from Mexico City and not the entire population. Thus, further studies including a broader population, both in Mexico City and other urban and rural areas of this country, will be necessary in order to obtain better and more complete estimates of the actual incidence of AA in Mexico.
再生障碍性贫血（AA）是一种以血细胞生成不足为特征的血液疾病。全球范围内AA的发病率较低（每年每10⁶人中新增1 - 5例）。与其他国家不同，目前尚无关于墨西哥该疾病发病率的报道。在本研究中，我们确定了1996 - 2000年期间墨西哥城特定亚人群中AA的发病率。为了本研究的目的，我们聚焦于单一医疗机构的经验：墨西哥社会保障局（IMSS），其覆盖了墨西哥约50%的人口。AA的发病率是根据特定年份在墨西哥城IMSS被诊断患有该疾病的实际患者数量以及同年在墨西哥城IMSS登记的个体总数来确定的。将整个IMSS人群考虑在内，AA的年发病率为每年每10⁶人中新增3.9例。在儿科人群中，年发病率为每年每10⁶人中新增4.2例，而在15岁及以上人群中，发病率为每年每10⁶人中新增3.8例。这些发病率高于美国、欧洲和以色列大多数研究报道的发病率。与泰国的发病率相比，我们在儿童中观察到的发病率显著更高，而在成年人中则与该国相似。本研究结果表明，墨西哥城AA的发病率是全球最高之一，尤其是在儿科人群方面；然而，由于本研究仅包括墨西哥城的一个亚人群而非整个人口，这些结果必须谨慎看待。因此，有必要在墨西哥城以及该国其他城乡地区开展包括更广泛人群的进一步研究，以便更好、更全面地估计墨西哥AA的实际发病率。
