Delfabbro Paul
Department of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Nth. Tce., South Australia 5005.
J Gambl Stud. 2004 Spring;20(1):1-21. doi: 10.1023/B:JOGS.0000016701.17146.d0.
Cognitive studies into gambling behaviour have shown that many gamblers misinterpret the odds of gambling activities, hold false beliefs about skill and luck, and over-estimate their subjective chances of success. Accordingly, providing accurate information about gambling in venues, or on slot-machines, would appear to be a sensible way to enhance the 'safety' of gambling products. Unfortunately, such ideas for educating gamblers may be difficult to implement in practice because of limitations and conceptual dilemmas in the cognitive literature. Irrational beliefs about gambling may be difficult to falsify, are often highly idiosyncratic and context-bound, and may stem more from the selective misuse of information than from a lack of knowledge about gambling activities. Drawing evidence from recent research into gambling-related cognitions, this paper examines the key elements of irrational-belief systems, and how this work might usefully inform the design of future consumer information initiatives.
对赌博行为的认知研究表明,许多赌徒错误解读赌博活动的概率,对技巧和运气持有错误观念,并高估自己成功的主观机会。因此,在场所或老虎机上提供有关赌博的准确信息,似乎是提高赌博产品“安全性”的明智方法。不幸的是,由于认知文献中的局限性和概念困境,这种教育赌徒的想法在实践中可能难以实施。关于赌博的非理性信念可能难以证伪,往往高度个性化且受情境限制,其产生可能更多源于对信息的选择性滥用,而非对赌博活动缺乏了解。本文借鉴近期对与赌博相关认知的研究证据,探讨非理性信念系统的关键要素,以及这项研究如何能有效地为未来消费者信息倡议的设计提供参考。