Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, P.B. 7807, 5020, Bergen, Norway.
J Gambl Stud. 2010 Dec;26(4):561-9. doi: 10.1007/s10899-010-9180-6.
Cognitive distortions have been thought to play an important role in the development and maintenance of pathological gambling. The present study investigated whether severity of gambling problems and gamblers' preference for chance or skill games were related to two sub-factors of cognitive distortions as measured by the Gamblers Belief Questionnaire: Luck/Perseverance, which reflects an individual's perception that chance is favorable to him/her, and Illusion of Control, which reflects an individual's perception that his/her behavior influences chance occurrences. Participants (N = 166) were recruited from a race track (n = 79), off-course betting facilities (n = 50) and from an online treatment program for problem gamblers (n = 49). Gambling severity was measured by the South Oaks Gambling Screen, and 73 were classified as pathological gamblers whereas 93 were classified as non-pathological gamblers. The present study supports previous proposals that cognitive distortions are core processes related to gambling behavior as pathological gamblers reported more cognitive distortions than did non-pathological gamblers. A preference for skill games was also associated with greater Illusion of Control compared to a preference for chance games. For gamblers preferring skill games there were no differences in Luck/Perseverance or Illusion of Control between pathological and non-pathological gamblers.
认知扭曲被认为在病理性赌博的发展和维持中起着重要作用。本研究调查了赌博问题的严重程度和赌徒对机会游戏或技巧游戏的偏好是否与赌博者信念问卷（Gamblers Belief Questionnaire）测量的认知扭曲的两个亚因素有关：运气/坚持，反映了个体对自己有利的机会的看法；控制错觉，反映了个体对自己的行为影响机会的看法。参与者（N=166）是从赛马场（n=79）、场外投注设施（n=50）和在线赌博问题治疗计划（n=49）招募的。赌博严重程度由南方奥克斯赌博筛查量表（South Oaks Gambling Screen）测量，其中 73 人被归类为病理性赌徒，93 人被归类为非病理性赌徒。本研究支持先前的假设，即认知扭曲是与赌博行为相关的核心过程，因为病理性赌徒报告的认知扭曲比非病理性赌徒多。对技巧游戏的偏好也与更大的控制错觉有关，而不是与对机会游戏的偏好有关。对于喜欢技巧游戏的赌徒来说，病理性和非病理性赌徒在运气/坚持或控制错觉方面没有差异。
