Klink M E, Quan S F, Kaltenborn W T, Lebowitz M D
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson 85724.
Arch Intern Med. 1992 Aug;152(8):1634-7.
Insomnia is a common complaint both in the general population and also in physician's offices. However, risk factors for the development of insomnia complaints have not been completely identified.
To identify population characteristics associated with increased prevalence of insomnia complaints, we surveyed a large general adult population in 1984 through 1985. We evaluated the relationship among current complaints of initiating and maintaining sleep and obesity, snoring, concomitant health problems, socioeconomic status, and documented complaints of difficulty with insomnia 10 to 12 years previously.
The strongest risk factor for complaints of initiating and maintaining sleep was previous complaints of insomnia (odds ratio, 3.5). In addition, female gender (odds ratio, 1.5), advancing age (odds ratio, 1.3), snoring (odds ratio, 1.3), and multiple types of concomitant health problems (odds ratios, 1.1 to 1.7) were all risk factors associated with an increased rate of complaints of initiating and maintaining sleep.
Complaints of insomnia tend to be a persistent or recurrent problem over long periods of time. Female gender, advancing age, and concomitant health problems also are important risk factors.
失眠在普通人群以及医生办公室中都是常见的主诉。然而，失眠主诉发生的危险因素尚未完全明确。
为了确定与失眠主诉患病率增加相关的人群特征，我们在1984年至1985年期间对大量成年普通人群进行了调查。我们评估了当前入睡和维持睡眠困难主诉与肥胖、打鼾、伴随的健康问题、社会经济状况以及10至12年前记录的失眠困难主诉之间的关系。
入睡和维持睡眠困难主诉的最强危险因素是既往失眠主诉（比值比，3.5）。此外，女性（比值比，1.5）、年龄增长（比值比，1.3）、打鼾（比值比，1.3）以及多种类型的伴随健康问题（比值比，1.1至1.7）均是与入睡和维持睡眠困难主诉发生率增加相关的危险因素。
失眠主诉往往是长期持续或反复出现的问题。女性、年龄增长以及伴随的健康问题也是重要的危险因素。
