Burkey T E, Dritz S S, Nietfeld J C, Johnson B J, Minton J E
Department of Animal Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2004 Feb;82(2):397-404. doi: 10.2527/2004.822397x.
A 28-d experiment evaluated the growth, acute-phase response, and bacterial shedding patterns in pigs (n = 96; initially 6.8 +/- 1.3 kg) fed mannanoligosaccharides (MANNAN) and sodium chlorate (CHLORATE) before and after oral challenge with Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (ST). The negative control diet contained no antimicrobial (CON), and the positive control contained carbadox (CARB; 55 ppm). Test diets contained (as-fed basis) MANNAN (1,500 ppm) or CHLORATE (800 ppm). Pigs were fed diets for 14 d and then given ST orally. Pigs fed CARB had greater ADG over the entire study than pigs from other treatments (P < 0.05). During wk 1 to 2, before ST challenge, feed intake (as-fed basis) was lower for pigs fed MANNAN and CHLORATE than pigs fed CARB (P < 0.05). During the final 2 wk, pigs fed CARB had greater feed intake than pigs on other treatments (P < 0.05). Gain/feed was greater for pigs fed CARB in the 2 wk before ST (P < 0.05); however, in wk 3 to 4 after ST, gain/feed was reduced for CON pigs compared to pigs on other treatments (P < 0.05). Serum IGF-I was decreased at 2 and 4 d after ST (P < 0.001), and, overall, IGF-I was greater in pigs fed CARB than CON or CHLORATE (P < 0.05). Serum haptoglobin concentrations were greater (P < 0.001) for all treatments at d 6 compared with d 13 after ST. Overall, haptoglobin was greater for MANNAN than for CARB and CHLORATE (P < 0.05) and tended to be increased (P < 0.06) relative to CON. Interleukin-6 was not affected by treatment or day post-ST challenge. Fecal shedding of salmonellae organisms was less for CHLORATE (P < 0.05) than all other treatments at 7 d after ST. Shedding scores decreased from d 7 to 14 after ST (P < 0.05) for the CON, CARB, and MANNAN treatments. We conclude that feeding MANNAN and CHLORATE before acute enteric disease challenge may support improved gut function as evidenced by improved gain/feed, and that CHLORATE may decrease bacterial shedding. But neither MANNAN nor CHLORATE enhanced growth relative to the absence of dietary antimicrobials, nor was either treatment as effective as CARB following ST challenge.
一项为期28天的试验评估了在口服鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（ST）攻毒前后，饲喂甘露寡糖（MANNAN）和氯酸钠（CHLORATE）的猪（n = 96；初始体重6.8±1.3千克）的生长性能、急性期反应和细菌排泄模式。阴性对照日粮不含抗菌剂（CON），阳性对照日粮含有卡巴氧（CARB；55 ppm）。试验日粮（按风干基础计）含有MANNAN（1500 ppm）或CHLORATE（800 ppm）。猪饲喂日粮14天，然后口服ST。在整个研究期间，饲喂CARB的猪的平均日增重高于其他处理组的猪（P < 0.05）。在第1至2周，即ST攻毒前，饲喂MANNAN和CHLORATE的猪的采食量（按风干基础计）低于饲喂CARB的猪（P < 0.05）。在最后2周，饲喂CARB的猪的采食量高于其他处理组的猪（P < 0.05）。在ST攻毒前的2周，饲喂CARB的猪的料重比更高（P < 0.05）；然而，在ST攻毒后的第3至4周，与其他处理组的猪相比，CON组猪的料重比降低（P < 0.05）。ST攻毒后第2天和第4天，血清胰岛素样生长因子-I（IGF-I）降低（P < 0.001），总体而言，饲喂CARB的猪的IGF-I高于CON组或CHLORATE组（P < 0.05）。与ST攻毒后第13天相比，所有处理组在第6天的血清触珠蛋白浓度均更高（P < 0.001）。总体而言，MANNAN组的触珠蛋白高于CARB组和CHLORATE组（P < 0.05），且相对于CON组有升高趋势（P < 0.06）。白细胞介素-6不受处理或ST攻毒后天数的影响。在ST攻毒后第7天，CHLORATE组的沙门氏菌粪便排泄量低于所有其他处理组（P < 0.05）。对于CON、CARB和MANNAN处理组，ST攻毒后第7天至第14天的排泄评分降低（P < 0.05）。我们得出结论，在急性肠道疾病攻毒前饲喂MANNAN和CHLORATE可能有助于改善肠道功能，这可通过提高料重比得到证明，并且CHLORATE可能会减少细菌排泄。但相对于不添加日粮抗菌剂而言，MANNAN和CHLORATE均未促进生长，且在ST攻毒后，两种处理均不如CARB有效。
