Browne Niall, Daly Daniel, Horgan Karina
Alltech Bioscience Centre, Summerhill Road, Dunboyne, Co. Meath, Ireland.
Porcine Health Manag. 2023 Apr 17;9(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s40813-023-00312-2.
In swine intestinal barrier deterioration can be caused by exposure to harmful bacteria, toxins or contaminants that can lead to a leaky gut and post weaning diarrhoea. A leaky gut leads to increased infection, inflammation and poor nutrient absorption that can impair piglet growth and ultimately survival. Application of yeast cell wall (YCW) products may offer an opportunity to reduce the intestinal barrier damage caused by microbial challenge. A Mannan rich fraction (MRF) and three YCW products were compared by examining their impact on intestinal barrier function using a Jejunal model of intestine in response to a bacterial challenge using Salmonella LPS.
Trans epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) readings showed MRF had a significantly higher barrier function (P ≤ 0.05) over the positive control while YCW products A, B and C demonstrated no significant improvement to the positive control. Transcriptome analysis of the IPEC-J2 cells showed that differentially expressed genes associated with the gene ontology (GO) term for Structural molecule activity was significantly upregulated in the MRF treated cells over the positive control cells with 56 genes upregulated compared to product B (50 genes), Product C, (25 genes) and the negative control's 60 genes. Product A had no functional grouping under the structural molecule activity term. Both qPCR and western blotting analysis of tight junction associated genes showed that MRF treated cells demonstrated significantly higher Claudin 3 junctional gene expression (P ≤ 0.05) over the positive control and treatments A, B and C. Occludin expression was significantly higher in MRF treated cells (P ≤ 0.05) over the positive control and product B. A nonsignificant rise in TJP-1 gene expression was observed in the MRF treated cells when compared to the positive control. Protein abundances of Claudin 3, Occludin and TJP-1 were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher following MRF application to LPS challenged IPEC-J2 cells over the positive control.
The difference in each YCW products production and composition appeared to influence intestinal barrier integrity. The action of MRF demonstrates its potential ability to raise intestinal barrier integrity of IPEC-J2 intestinal cells on an in vitro level through significantly elevated intracellular connections.
在猪中，肠道屏障的恶化可能由接触有害细菌、毒素或污染物引起，这会导致肠道渗漏和断奶后腹泻。肠道渗漏会导致感染增加、炎症加剧和营养吸收不良，从而影响仔猪生长并最终影响其存活。应用酵母细胞壁（YCW）产品可能为减少微生物挑战引起的肠道屏障损伤提供机会。通过使用空肠模型，研究甘露聚糖富集部分（MRF）和三种YCW产品对肠道屏障功能的影响，该模型用于应对沙门氏菌脂多糖（Salmonella LPS）的细菌挑战。
跨上皮电阻（TEER）读数显示，与阳性对照相比，MRF具有显著更高的屏障功能（P≤0.05），而YCW产品A、B和C与阳性对照相比未显示出显著改善。对IPEC-J2细胞的转录组分析表明，与结构分子活性的基因本体（GO）术语相关的差异表达基因在MRF处理的细胞中比阳性对照细胞显著上调，与产品B（50个基因）、产品C（25个基因）和阴性对照的60个基因相比，有56个基因上调。产品A在结构分子活性术语下没有功能分组。紧密连接相关基因的qPCR和蛋白质印迹分析均表明，与阳性对照以及处理A、B和C相比，MRF处理的细胞中Claudin 3连接基因表达显著更高（P≤0.05）。与阳性对照和产品B相比，MRF处理的细胞中闭合蛋白（Occludin）表达显著更高（P≤0.05）。与阳性对照相比，MRF处理的细胞中TJP-1基因表达有不显著的升高。将MRF应用于LPS刺激的IPEC-J2细胞后，Claudin 3、Occludin和TJP-1的蛋白质丰度显著高于阳性对照（P≤0.05）。
每种YCW产品的生产和组成差异似乎会影响肠道屏障的完整性。MRF的作用表明其具有通过显著增强细胞内连接在体外提高IPEC-J2肠道细胞肠道屏障完整性的潜在能力。
