Funaba Masayuki, Uchiyama Akira, Takahashi Ken-ichiro, Kaneko Masahiro, Yamamoto Hiromi, Namikawa Kazuhiko, Iriki Tsunenori, Hatano Yoshikazu, Abe Matanobu
Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara 229-8501, Japan.
Am J Vet Res. 2004 Feb;65(2):138-42. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2004.65.138.
To evaluate effects of dietary carbohydrate on urine volume; struvite crystal formation; and calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium balance in clinically normal cats.
21 healthy adult cats (15 sexually intact males and 6 sexually intact females).
Diets containing no carbohydrate source (control diet), control plus starch, or control plus fiber were given in a 3 X 3 Latin-square design. The diets were available ad libitum in study 1 (n = 12) and given under restrictions in study 2 (9) to equalize daily intakes of crude protein among the 3 groups. Formation of struvite crystals and balance of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium were measured.
Urine volume was lower in the starch group and fiber group in study 1, whereas no differences were detected among the groups in study 2. Urinary pH and struvite activity product were higher in the starch group in both studies, and the fiber group also had higher struvite activity product in study 2. In both studies, urinary concentrations of HCl-insoluble sediment were higher in the starch group and fiber group. In the fiber group, a net loss of body calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium was detected in study 2.
Starch and fiber in diets potentially stimulate formation of struvite crystals. Hence, reducing dietary carbohydrate is desirable to prevent struvite urolith formation. In addition, a net loss of body calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium during feeding of the fiber diet suggests that dietary inclusion of insoluble fiber could increase macromineral requirements of cats.
评估日粮碳水化合物对临床正常猫的尿量、鸟粪石晶体形成以及钙、磷和镁平衡的影响。
21只健康成年猫（15只未绝育雄性和6只未绝育雌性）。
采用3×3拉丁方设计，给予不含碳水化合物来源的日粮（对照日粮）、对照加淀粉日粮或对照加纤维日粮。在研究1（n = 12）中，日粮可自由采食，在研究2（n = 9）中，日粮在限制条件下给予，以使3组之间的粗蛋白日摄入量相等。测量鸟粪石晶体的形成以及钙、磷和镁的平衡。
在研究1中，淀粉组和纤维组的尿量较低，而在研究2中，各组之间未检测到差异。在两项研究中，淀粉组的尿液pH值和鸟粪石活性产物均较高，并且在研究2中，纤维组的鸟粪石活性产物也较高。在两项研究中，淀粉组和纤维组的盐酸不溶性沉积物的尿液浓度均较高。在研究2中，纤维组检测到机体钙、磷和镁的净损失。
日粮中的淀粉和纤维可能刺激鸟粪石晶体的形成。因此，减少日粮碳水化合物对于预防鸟粪石尿石的形成是可取的。此外，在饲喂纤维日粮期间机体钙、磷和镁的净损失表明，日粮中添加不溶性纤维可能会增加猫对常量矿物质的需求。
