Lamonerie L, Marret E, Deleuze A, Lembert N, Dupont M, Bonnet F
Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 4 rue de la Chine, 75970 Paris cedex 20, France.
Br J Anaesth. 2004 Apr;92(4):544-6. doi: 10.1093/bja/aeh099. Epub 2004 Feb 20.
Postoperative bladder distension and urinary retention are commonly underestimated. Ultrasound enables accurate measurement of bladder volume and thus makes it possible to determine the prevalence of postoperative bladder distension.
Using ultrasound, we measured the volume of the bladder contents at the time of discharge from the recovery room in 177 adult patients who had undergone thoracic, vascular, abdominal, orthopaedic or ENT surgery.
Forty-four per cent of the patients had a bladder volume >500 ml and 54% of the 44%, who had no symptoms of bladder distension, were unable to void spontaneously within 30 min. The risk factors for urinary retention were age >60 yr (odds ratio (OR) 2.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-4.38), spinal anaesthesia (OR 3.97, 95% CI 1.32-11.89) and duration of surgery >120 min (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.39-6.61).
Before discharge from the recovery room it seems worthwhile to systematically check the bladder volume with a portable ultrasound device in patients with risk factors.
术后膀胱扩张和尿潴留常被低估。超声能够准确测量膀胱容量，从而有可能确定术后膀胱扩张的发生率。
我们使用超声测量了177例接受胸科、血管外科、腹部、骨科或耳鼻喉科手术的成年患者从恢复室出院时膀胱内的容量。
44%的患者膀胱容量>500 ml，其中44%无膀胱扩张症状的患者中有54%在30分钟内无法自主排尿。尿潴留的危险因素为年龄>60岁（比值比（OR）2.11，95%置信区间（CI）1.01 - 4.38）、脊髓麻醉（OR 3.97，95% CI 1.32 - 11.89）以及手术时间>120分钟（OR 3.03，95% CI 1.39 - 6.61）。
对于有危险因素的患者，在从恢复室出院前，使用便携式超声设备系统地检查膀胱容量似乎是值得的。
