Zimmer Zachary, Kwong Julia
The Population Council, One Dag Hammarskjold Plaza, New York, USA.
J Aging Health. 2004 Feb;16(1):44-70. doi: 10.1177/0898264303260440.
The association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health, which has proven to be quite robust, is rarely tested in societies where levels of economic development and systems of stratification differ from those in Western developed countries. This article examines associations in rural and urban China.
Techniques include logit equation estimates of separate and pooled samples. The latter employ interaction terms to test rural and urban effects. Socioeconomic indicators include those more customarily used in these types of studies (e.g., education) and several that are less traditional (e.g., pension eligibility).
Results indicate associations exist in China. Bank savings is the strongest predictor. Some unexpected results are also found, including a positive association between socioeconomic status and chronic conditions (e.g., cardiovascular disease) among older adults in urban China.
Use and access to a health care professional might explain part of this anomaly.
社会经济地位（SES）与健康之间的关联已被证明相当稳固，但在经济发展水平和分层体系与西方发达国家不同的社会中，这种关联很少得到检验。本文考察中国农村和城市地区的这种关联。
技术手段包括对单独样本和合并样本进行逻辑方程估计。后者使用交互项来检验农村和城市的影响。社会经济指标包括这类研究中更常用的指标（如教育）以及一些不太传统的指标（如养老金资格）。
结果表明中国存在这种关联。银行储蓄是最强的预测指标。还发现了一些意外结果，包括在中国城市老年人中社会经济地位与慢性病（如心血管疾病）之间存在正相关。
利用医疗保健专业人员以及获得其服务的情况可能部分解释了这一异常现象。
