Holmes Emily A, Brewin Chris R, Hennessy Richard G
Psychology Department, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2004 Mar;133(1):3-22. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.133.1.3.
Three experiments indexed the effect of various concurrent tasks, while watching a traumatic film, on intrusive memory development. Hypotheses were based on the dual-representation theory of posttraumatic stress disorder (C. R. Brewin, T. Dalgleish, & S. Joseph, 1996). Nonclinical participants viewed a trauma film under various encoding conditions and recorded any spontaneous intrusive memories of the film over the following week in a diary. Changes in state dissociation, heart rate, and mood were also measured. As predicted, performing a visuospatial pattern tapping task at encoding significantly reduced the frequency of later intrusions, whereas a verbal distraction task increased them. Intrusive memories were largely unrelated to recall and recognition measures. Increases in dissociation and decreases in heart rate during the film were also associated with later intrusions.
三项实验探究了观看创伤性影片时进行各种并发任务对侵入性记忆形成的影响。研究假设基于创伤后应激障碍的双重表征理论（C. R. 布鲁因、T. 达格利什和S. 约瑟夫，1996年）。非临床参与者在各种编码条件下观看一部创伤影片，并在接下来的一周内通过日记记录对该影片的任何自发侵入性记忆。同时还测量了状态解离、心率和情绪的变化。正如预期的那样，在编码时执行视觉空间模式敲击任务显著降低了后期侵入的频率，而言语干扰任务则增加了侵入频率。侵入性记忆在很大程度上与回忆和识别测量无关。影片观看过程中解离的增加和心率的降低也与后期侵入有关。
