Howe Mark L
Lakehead University, Department of Psychology, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada.
Dev Psychol. 2004 Mar;40(2):131-9. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.40.2.131.
Reductions in children's retroactive interference were examined with conceptual recoding. Children learned two 10-item lists of toys; items on the 2nd list could also be classified as vehicles. Some children were not told about this 2nd category, whereas others were told either at the end of acquisition or just prior to the retention test 24 hr later. The results showed that (a) children benefited from the recoding instruction, (b) younger but not older children failed to benefit from the recoding manipulation when it occurred just prior to the retention test, and (c) recoding reduced retroactive interference primarily through affecting storage processes. These results provide new evidence concerning the importance of making information distinctive in storage in children's retention.
通过概念重新编码对儿童的倒摄干扰减少情况进行了研究。儿童学习了两个包含10个玩具项目的列表；第二个列表上的项目也可以归类为交通工具。一些儿童未被告知这第二个类别，而其他儿童要么在习得结束时被告知，要么在24小时后的保持测试前被告知。结果表明：（a）儿童从重新编码指导中受益；（b）当重新编码操作在保持测试前进行时，年幼儿童而非年长儿童未能从该操作中受益；（c）重新编码主要通过影响存储过程减少了倒摄干扰。这些结果为在儿童记忆中使信息在存储时具有独特性的重要性提供了新的证据。
