Atri Alireza, Sherman Seth, Norman Kenneth A, Kirchhoff Brenda A, Nicolas Marlene M, Greicius Michael D, Cramer Steven C, Breiter Hans C, Hasselmo Michael E, Stern Chantal E
Boston University, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
Behav Neurosci. 2004 Feb;118(1):223-36. doi: 10.1037/0735-7044.118.1.223.
Experimental data and computational models suggest that blockade of muscarinic cholinergic receptors impairs paired-associate learning and increases proactive interference (E. DeRosa & M. E. Hasselmo, 2000; M. E. Hasselmo & J. M. Bower, 1993). The results presented here provide evidence in humans supporting these hypotheses. Young healthy subjects first learned baseline word pairs (A-B) and, after a delay, learned additional overlapping (A-C) and nonoverlapping (D-E) word pairs. As predicted, when compared with subjects who received the active placebo glycopyrrolate (4 microg/kg) and subjects who were not injected, those who received scopolamine (8 microg/kg) showed (a) overall impairment in new word paired-associate learning, but no impairment in cued recall of previously learned associates; and (b) greater impairment in learning overlapping (A-C) compared with nonoverlapping (D-E) paired associates.
实验数据和计算模型表明，毒蕈碱胆碱能受体的阻断会损害配对联想学习并增加前摄干扰（E. 德罗萨和M. E. 哈塞尔莫，2000年；M. E. 哈塞尔莫和J. M. 鲍尔，1993年）。此处呈现的结果为这些假设在人类中的情况提供了证据。年轻健康的受试者首先学习基线单词对（A - B），经过一段时间延迟后，学习额外的重叠（A - C）和非重叠（D - E）单词对。正如所预测的，与接受活性安慰剂格隆溴铵（4微克/千克）的受试者以及未注射的受试者相比，接受东莨菪碱（8微克/千克）的受试者表现出：（a）新单词配对联想学习的总体损害，但对先前学习的联想的线索回忆无损害；以及（b）与非重叠（D - E）配对联想相比，学习重叠（A - C）配对联想时的损害更大。
