Grund F, Tjomsland O, Sjaastad I, Ilebekk A, Kirkebøen K A
Institute for Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Lab Anim. 2004 Jan;38(1):70-8. doi: 10.1258/00236770460734425.
The present study was performed to compare haemodynamic variables at baseline and the incidence of ventricular fibrillation during the early phase of ischaemia in swine during pentobarbital or medetomidine-ketamine-fentanyl anaesthesia. Twenty-two swine (mean +/- SD: 29+/- 3 kg) were anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (induction with 36 mg/kg intraperitoneally, and maintenance with 5-20 mg/kg/h intravenously [i.v.]) and 6 swine (27+/- 3 kg) were anaesthetized with ketamine and fentanyl (premedicated with medetomidine 0.1 mg/kg and ketamine 10 mg/kg intramuscularly, induction with ketamine 20 mg/kg and fentanyl 0.025 mg/kg i.v., and maintenance with ketamine 20 mg/kg/h and fentanyl 0.025 mg/kg/h i.v.). After a stabilization period of 30 min, the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was occluded for 10 min. Haemodynamic data and occurrence of ventricular fibrillation were recorded. The ischaemic area was measured by fluorescing microspheres. Swine anaesthetized with medetomidine-ketamine-fentanyl had significantly lower heart rate, myocardial contractility, peak left ventricular pressure, arterial blood pressure, aortic blood flow, myocardial blood flow and cardiac index at baseline, than swine anaesthetized with pentobarbital. Whereas none of the swine anaesthetized with pentobarbital fibrillated during the LAD occlusion, ventricular fibrillation occurred in 83% of the animals anaesthetized with medetomidine-ketamine-fentanyl (P< 0.001). No significant difference was found in size of ischaemic area between the two groups. Thus, we show a depression in haemodynamic variables at baseline and a higher incidence of ventricular fibrillation during the early phase of ischaemia in swine anaesthetized with medetomidine-ketamine-fentanyl compared to swine anaesthetized with pentobarbital.
本研究旨在比较戊巴比妥或美托咪定 - 氯胺酮 - 芬太尼麻醉期间猪缺血早期的基线血流动力学变量和心室颤动发生率。22头猪（平均±标准差：29±3 kg）用戊巴比妥钠麻醉（腹腔注射诱导剂量36 mg/kg，静脉注射维持剂量5 - 20 mg/kg/h），6头猪（27±3 kg）用氯胺酮和芬太尼麻醉（肌肉注射美托咪定0.1 mg/kg和氯胺酮10 mg/kg进行预处理，静脉注射氯胺酮20 mg/kg和芬太尼0.025 mg/kg诱导，静脉注射氯胺酮20 mg/kg/h和芬太尼0.025 mg/kg/h维持）。在30分钟的稳定期后，左前降支冠状动脉（LAD）闭塞10分钟。记录血流动力学数据和心室颤动的发生情况。用荧光微球测量缺血面积。与用戊巴比妥麻醉的猪相比，用美托咪定 - 氯胺酮 - 芬太尼麻醉的猪在基线时心率、心肌收缩力、左心室峰值压力、动脉血压、主动脉血流量、心肌血流量和心脏指数显著更低。在用戊巴比妥麻醉的猪中，LAD闭塞期间无一发生心室颤动，而在用美托咪定 - 氯胺酮 - 芬太尼麻醉的动物中，83%发生了心室颤动（P<0.001）。两组之间缺血面积大小无显著差异。因此，我们发现与用戊巴比妥麻醉的猪相比，用美托咪定 - 氯胺酮 - 芬太尼麻醉的猪在基线时血流动力学变量降低，且在缺血早期心室颤动发生率更高。
