纳布啡戊巴比妥钠和氯胺酮/甲苯噻嗪麻醉下小鼠的经典心率变异性和非线性心率分析。
Classical heart rate variability and nonlinear heart rate analysis in mice under Napentobarbital and ketamine/xylazine anesthesia.
机构信息
Vocational School of Health Sciences, İzmir University of Economics, İzmir, Turkey.
Vocational School of Health Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
出版信息
Turk J Med Sci. 2022 Jun;52(3):858-869. doi: 10.55730/1300-0144.5383. Epub 2022 Jun 16.
BACKGROUND
Anesthetics are often used in animal experiments to achieve immobilization and relieve pain. However, many anesthetics can alter the dynamics of cardiovascular systems. We aimed to compare the effects of two frequently used anesthetics agents on heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in mice.
METHODS
This observational study was performed between May and June 2014 in 21 male BALB/c mice aged 16-20 weeks. The animals were divided into three groups: pentobarbital (P), (n = 7); pentobarbital+fentanyl (P+F), (n = 7); and ketamine+xylazine (K+X), (n = 7). Surface electrocardiography (ECG) electrodes were placed in lead II configuration. The tachogram of RR intervals was obtained after R waves were detected using the Pan-Tompkins real-time QRS recognition algorithm. Frequency-domain, time-domain, and nonlinear HRV analyses were performed.
RESULTS
The bradycardia effect was higher in the K+X group (p < 0.01). Time-domain indices were higher in group K+X compared to group P (p < 0.01) and group P+F (p < 0.001). Very low frequency (VLF) power was significantly lower in group K+X compared to group P and group P+F (p < 0.01). Low frequency (LF) power, low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio, and total power (TP) were higher in group K+X compared to group P (p < 0.01) and group P+F (p < 0.001). The detrended fluctuation analysis short-term parameter (DFAα1 ) was significantly higher in group K+X compared to group P+F (p < 0.05) and the long-term parameter (DFAα2 ) was lower in group K+X compared to group P (p < 0.05). Standard deviations SD1 and SD2 were higher in group K+X compared to group P (p < 0.001) and group P+F (p < 0.001), SD2/SD1 ratio was lower in group K+X compared to group P (p < 0.05) and group P+F (p < 0.05). Entropy measures did not differ between groups.
DISCUSSION
HRV analyses, including nonlinear methods, indicated that a K+X combination reduces imbalance and disorder in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in comparison to both P and the P+F combination.
背景
麻醉剂常用于动物实验以实现动物的固定和止痛。然而，许多麻醉剂会改变心血管系统的动力学。我们旨在比较两种常用麻醉剂在小鼠心率变异性（HRV）参数上的作用。
方法
这是一项在 2014 年 5 月至 6 月间进行的观察性研究，共纳入 21 只 16-20 周龄雄性 BALB/c 小鼠，将其分为三组：戊巴比妥组（P 组），（n = 7）；戊巴比妥+芬太尼组（P+F 组），（n = 7）；氯胺酮+赛拉嗪组（K+X 组），（n = 7）。采用 II 导联体表心电图（ECG）电极。使用 Pan-Tompkins 实时 QRS 识别算法检测到 R 波后，获得 RR 间期的心率图。进行频域、时域和非线性 HRV 分析。
结果
K+X 组的心动过缓作用更高（p < 0.01）。与 P 组和 P+F 组相比，K+X 组的时域指数更高（p < 0.01）。非常低频（VLF）功率在 K+X 组显著低于 P 组和 P+F 组（p < 0.01）。与 P 组和 P+F 组相比，K+X 组的低频（LF）功率、低频/高频（LF/HF）比值和总功率（TP）更高（p < 0.01）。与 P+F 组相比，K+X 组的趋势波动分析短期参数（DFAα1）更高（p < 0.05），与 P 组相比，K+X 组的长期参数（DFAα2）更低（p < 0.05）。与 P 组和 P+F 组相比，K+X 组的标准差 SD1 和 SD2 更高（p < 0.001），SD2/SD1 比值更低（p < 0.05）。各组间熵测度无差异。
讨论
与 P 和 P+F 组合相比，HRV 分析包括非线性方法，表明 K+X 组合降低了自主神经系统（ANS）调节失衡和紊乱。
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