Maradona J A, Alvarez M A, Cartón J A, Arribas J M
Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Covadonga, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 1992 Jan;10(1):4-10.
From January 1984 to April 1987, we have prospectively studied 210 consecutive episodes of bacteremia recorded in patients who underwent major surgical procedures. The incidence rate was 6.4 episodes/1000 surgical procedures. Men were responsible of 73.8% of episodes. The highest incidence was recorded in general surgery patients and the lowest in Ob & Gyn patients. Bacteremia-related mortality was 15.2% (overall mortality 29.5%). The five most common microorganisms isolated were: Staphylococcus epidermidis (17.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.7%), polymicrobial flora (13.3%), Escherichia coli (11.4%) and Pseudomonas sp. (9.5%). The common sources of bacteremia were intravascular devices (34.7%), surgical wound infection (28.5%) and urinary tract infection (12.8%). Multivariant analysis identified six variables that influence an adverse prognosis: complications, source of sepsis in a joint or unknown, admission in trauma or vascular surgery department, development of sepsis between the second and eight postoperative day, chronic illness or fatal underlying disease and sepsis after clean surgical procedures.
1984年1月至1987年4月，我们对接受大手术的患者连续记录的210例菌血症发作进行了前瞻性研究。发病率为6.4次发作/1000例手术。男性菌血症发作占73.8%。普通外科患者发病率最高，妇产科患者发病率最低。菌血症相关死亡率为15.2%（总死亡率为29.5%）。分离出的五种最常见微生物为：表皮葡萄球菌（17.7%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（14.7%）、多种微生物菌群（13.3%）、大肠杆菌（11.4%）和假单胞菌属（9.5%）。菌血症的常见来源为血管内装置（34.7%）、手术伤口感染（28.5%）和尿路感染（12.8%）。多变量分析确定了六个影响不良预后的变量：并发症、关节或不明部位的脓毒症来源、创伤或血管外科住院、术后第二天至第八天发生脓毒症、慢性病或致命基础疾病以及清洁手术后发生脓毒症。
