Gates Donna, Fitzwater Evelyn, Telintelo Suzanne, Succop Paul, Sommers Marilyn S
College of Nursing and Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0038.
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2004 Mar-Apr;5(2 Suppl):S16-21. doi: 10.1097/01.JAM.0000037404.40554.FA.
To describe the frequency and context of assaults against nursing assistants (NAs) from residents and to describe NAs' beliefs about their violence prevention knowledge and self-efficacy to prevent assaults from residents.
Survey.
Six nursing homes.
A total of 138 nursing assistants.
NAs completed two investigator-developed surveys, the Demographic and Employment Questionnaire and the Knowledge and Self-Efficacy Survey. The Demographic and Employment Questionnaire included questions about race, gender, age, and education, current and previous employment, number of residents usually assigned, frequency of assaults, and training on workplace violence. On the Knowledge and Self-Efficacy Survey, the participants used a five-point Likert scale to rate their knowledge and confidence in recognizing and preventing assaults from residents.
Assaults against nursing assistants from residents in nursing homes were common; 59% stated they were assaulted at least once a week and 16% stated they were assaulted daily. Fifty-one percent stated that they had been injured in their lifetime from an assault from a resident, and 38% of those injured received medical attention for an injury. On the Likert items, nursing assistants reported that they believed they had the most knowledge (mean = 3.76) and confidence (mean 3.81) in their ability to recognize when a resident is agitated or becoming aggressive. In comparison, NAs rated lower their knowledge (mean = 3.45) and confidence in their ability (3.50) to keep residents from becoming agitated or aggressive (mean 3.50). NAs rated lowest their knowledge (3.42) and confidence (mean = 3.47) in their ability to decrease residents' agitation and aggressiveness once they become agitated or aggressive.
These findings provide useful information that supports the need for violence prevention education and for developing violence prevention programs in nursing homes.
描述疗养院居民对护理助理（NA）的攻击频率及背景，并描述护理助理对预防居民攻击的暴力预防知识和自我效能的看法。
调查。
六家疗养院。
共138名护理助理。
护理助理完成了两项由研究者编制的调查问卷，即《人口统计学与就业问卷》以及《知识与自我效能量表》。《人口统计学与就业问卷》包括有关种族、性别、年龄、教育程度、当前及以往工作、通常分配的居民数量、攻击频率以及工作场所暴力培训等问题。在《知识与自我效能量表》中，参与者使用五点李克特量表对他们识别和预防居民攻击的知识及信心进行评分。
疗养院居民对护理助理的攻击很常见；59%的人表示每周至少遭到一次攻击，16%的人表示每天都遭到攻击。51%的人表示他们一生中曾因居民的攻击而受伤，其中38%的受伤者因伤接受了医疗救治。在李克特量表项目上，护理助理报告称，他们认为自己在识别居民何时激动或变得有攻击性方面知识最多（均值 = 3.76）且信心最强（均值 = 3.81）。相比之下，护理助理对防止居民变得激动或有攻击性的知识（均值 = 3.45）和能力信心（均值 = 3.50）的评分较低。护理助理对居民一旦变得激动或有攻击性后降低其激动和攻击性能力的知识（均值 = 3.42）和信心（均值 = 3.47）评分最低。
这些发现提供了有用信息，支持在疗养院开展暴力预防教育及制定暴力预防项目的必要性。
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