Ohtake M
First Department of Surgery, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan.
Surg Today. 1992;22(2):128-36. doi: 10.1007/BF00311337.
The role of the abdominal sympathetic nervous system in regulating portal venous flow (PVF) was examined in anesthetized rats using an ultrasonic volume flowmeter. Electrical stimulation of the hepatic sympathetic branch, given at 10 Hz, 1 ms, 10 s and 12 V, caused approximately a 28 percent reduction in PVF, which was equivalent to that produced by occlusion of the bilateral carotid arteries for 30 s, without causing any change in the systemic arterial pressure. Stimulation of the major splanchnic nerve decreased PVF, the response being greater by stimulation of the right nerve than by stimulation of the left (p less than 0.05). Bilateral adrenalectomy shortened the recovery time without changing the magnitude or lateral predominancy. Neither proper hepatic arterial occlusion nor partial hepatectomy affected the response. In the partially hepatectomized animals, stimulation of the hepatic branch did not decrease the splenic flow but decreased the superior mesenteric venous flow (SMVF) and induced a similar response in PVF even when the SMVF was interrupted. An intraportal injection of noradrenaline decreased PVF dose-dependently. These findings indicate that the sympathetic nerve regulates PVF directly, and that there is functional laterality of the regulatory mechanism in the abdominal cavity, which suggests that adrenal factors work together with the nerve that supplies the portal vein.
使用超声体积流量计，在麻醉大鼠中研究了腹部交感神经系统在调节门静脉血流（PVF）中的作用。以10Hz、1ms、10s和12V的参数电刺激肝交感神经分支，导致PVF降低约28%，这与双侧颈动脉闭塞30s所产生的降低幅度相当，且未引起体循环动脉压的任何变化。刺激内脏大神经会降低PVF，右侧神经刺激引起的反应大于左侧（p<0.05）。双侧肾上腺切除可缩短恢复时间，但不改变反应幅度或左右侧优势。肝固有动脉闭塞和部分肝切除均不影响该反应。在部分肝切除的动物中，刺激肝神经分支不会降低脾血流，但会降低肠系膜上静脉血流（SMVF），即使SMVF中断，也会在PVF中诱导出类似反应。门静脉内注射去甲肾上腺素会剂量依赖性地降低PVF。这些发现表明，交感神经直接调节PVF，且腹腔内调节机制存在功能上的左右侧差异，这表明肾上腺因素与供应门静脉的神经协同作用。
