Prete F R
Department of Psychology, Youngstown State University, Ohio 44555-0001.
Brain Behav Evol. 1992;39(5):285-8. doi: 10.1159/000114125.
Adult, female praying mantids, Sphodromantis lineola (Burr.), were presented with seventy, flat black rectangles which moved toward the mantids (in the horizontal plane) against a white background. The lengths of the lures' edges parallel to their direction of movement, 1(1), were 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 54, 72, or 114 mm; the edge lengths perpendicular to movement direction, 1(2), were 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, or 30 mm. Mantids emitted the most predatory behaviors to square lures (1[1] = 1[2]) for which 1(1, 2) = 3-12 mm, and to 'worm' lures (1[1] greater than 1[2]) for which 1(2) = 1.5-6 mm. 'Anti-worm' lures (1[1] less than 1[2]) were poor releasers of predatory behavior. These results reconcile seemingly discrepant findings between studies that have presented mantids with various types of oscillating, rotating and/or three-dimensional lures. Further, the results indicate that like other terrestrial predators, such as toads, prey recognition by S. lineola is approximate and based on the spatiotemporal relationships between the features of moving objects (i.e. worm versus anti-worm). These findings are congruent with data on mantid prey selection in the wild.
研究人员向成年雌性条纹斑光螳（Sphodromantis lineola (Burr.)）展示了70个扁平的黑色矩形，这些矩形在白色背景下朝着螳螂移动（在水平平面内）。诱饵平行于其移动方向的边长1(1)为1.5、3、6、12、18、24、30、54、72或114毫米；垂直于移动方向的边长1(2)为1.5、3、6、12、18、24或30毫米。螳螂对边长相等的方形诱饵（1(1)=1(2)，边长1(1,2)=3 - 12毫米）以及“蠕虫”状诱饵（1(1)大于1(2)，边长1(2)=1.5 - 6毫米）表现出最多的捕食行为。“反蠕虫”状诱饵（1(1)小于1(2)）引发捕食行为的能力较差。这些结果调和了之前一些研究之间看似矛盾的发现，那些研究向螳螂展示了各种类型的振荡、旋转和/或三维诱饵。此外，结果表明，与蟾蜍等其他陆生捕食者一样，条纹斑光螳对猎物的识别是大致的，基于移动物体特征之间的时空关系（即蠕虫状与反蠕虫状）。这些发现与野外螳螂猎物选择的数据一致。
