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二十年来维多利亚州对极低出生体重儿的新生儿重症监护评估:I. 有效性。

Evaluation of neonatal intensive care for extremely low birth weight infants in Victoria over two decades: I. Effectiveness.

作者信息

Doyle Lex W

机构信息

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, 132 Grattan St, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia.

出版信息

Pediatrics. 2004 Mar;113(3 Pt 1):505-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.113.3.505.

Abstract

CONTEXT

Although individual components of neonatal intensive care have proven efficacy, doubts remain about its overall effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the changes in effectiveness of neonatal intensive care for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants over 2 decades.

DESIGN

Population-based cohort study of consecutive ELBW infants born during 4 distinct eras: 1979-1980, 1985-1987, 1991-1992, and 1997, all followed to at least 2 years of age.

SETTING

The state of Victoria, Australia.

PATIENTS

All ELBW live births of birth weight 500 to 999 g in the state in the calendar years indicated (1979-1980 [n = 351]; 1985-1987 [n = 560]; 1991-1992 [n = 429]; 1997 [n = 233]). Survivors were assessed at 2 years of age by pediatricians and psychologists blinded to perinatal details. The follow-up rates were high for each ELBW cohort (1979-1980: 100% [89 of 89]; 1985-1987: 100% [212 of 212]; 1991-1992: 98% [237 of 241]; 1997: 99% [168 of 170]).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Survival and quality-adjusted survival rates at 2 years of age.

RESULTS

The survival rate to 2 years of age improved significantly between successive eras (absolute increase and 95% confidence interval: 1985-1987 vs 1979-1980, 12.5% and 6.3%-18.4%; 1991-1992 vs 1985-1987, 18.3% and 12.1%-24.4%; 1997 vs 1991-1992, 16.8% and 9.2%-23.9%), as did the quality-adjusted survival rate (absolute increase: 1985-1987 vs 1979-1980, 12.4%; 1991-1992 vs 1985-1987, 13.8%; 1997 vs 1991-1992, 13.2%). Overall, the survival rate increased from approximately 1 in 4 (25%) in 1979-1980 to 3 in 4 (73%) in 1997, and the quality-adjusted survival rate also increased threefold, from 19% in 1979-1980 to 59% in 1997. The biggest gains in survival and quality-adjusted survival in the most recent era were in infants in lighter birth-weight subgroups.

CONCLUSION

The effectiveness of neonatal intensive care for ELBW infants in Victoria improved progressively from the late 1970s to the late 1990s.

摘要

背景

尽管新生儿重症监护的各个组成部分已被证明具有疗效,但对其整体有效性仍存在疑虑。

目的

确定20多年来极低出生体重(ELBW)婴儿的新生儿重症监护有效性的变化。

设计

基于人群的队列研究,研究对象为在4个不同时期(1979 - 1980年、1985 - 1987年、1991 - 1992年和1997年)连续出生的ELBW婴儿,所有婴儿均随访至至少2岁。

地点

澳大利亚维多利亚州。

患者

在所示历年(1979 - 1980年[n = 351];1985 - 1987年[n = 560];1991 - 1992年[n = 429];1997年[n = 233])该州出生体重为500至999克的所有ELBW活产婴儿。由对围产期细节不知情的儿科医生和心理学家在婴儿2岁时进行评估。每个ELBW队列的随访率都很高(1979 - 1980年:100%[89例中的89例];1985 - 1987年:100%[212例中的212例];1991 - 1992年:98%[241例中的237例];1997年:99%[170例中的168例])。

主要观察指标

2岁时的生存率和质量调整生存率。

结果

连续几个时期之间,2岁时的生存率显著提高(绝对增加及95%置信区间:1985 - 1987年与1979 - 1980年相比,12.5%及6.3% - 18.4%;1991 - 1992年与1985 - 1987年相比,18.3%及12.1% - 24.4%;1997年与1991 - 1992年相比,16.8%及9.2% - 23.9%),质量调整生存率也是如此(绝对增加:1985 - 1987年与1979 - 1980年相比,12.4%;1991 - 1992年与1985 - 1987年相比,13.8%;1997年与1991 - 1992年相比,13.2%)。总体而言,生存率从1979 - 1980年的约四分之一(25%)增至1997年的四分之三(73%),质量调整生存率也增至三倍,从1979 - 1980年的19%增至1997年的59%。最近一个时期生存率和质量调整生存率的最大提高出现在出生体重较轻的亚组婴儿中。

结论

从20世纪70年代末到90年代末,维多利亚州针对ELBW婴儿的新生儿重症监护有效性逐步提高。

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