Doyle Lex W
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Women's Hospital, 132 Grattan St, Carlton, Victoria 3053, and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2006 Apr;11(2):139-45. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2005.11.009. Epub 2006 Jan 5.
Neonatal intensive care for extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW, 500-999 g) infants must be evaluated to determine that it is effective, efficient, and available to those who need it. From the late 1970s until the late 1990s in the state of Victoria, Australia, neonatal intensive care has been increasingly effective, with large increases in the long-term survival rate from 25% in 1979-1980 to 73% in 1997, and in the quality-adjusted survival rate from 19% to 59% over the same time. Its efficiency has been relatively high and stable over time, comparing favourably with many other health-care programmes. It is increasingly available, with fewer than 10% of ELBW infants born outside level III perinatal centres in the latest era, and proportionally more ELBW infants being offered intensive care over time. Neonatal intensive care should be re-evaluated at intervals in the future to ensure that its effectiveness, efficiency and availability are maintained.
必须对极低出生体重（ELBW，500 - 999克）婴儿的新生儿重症监护进行评估，以确定其有效性、效率以及对有需要者的可及性。从20世纪70年代末到90年代末，在澳大利亚维多利亚州，新生儿重症监护的效果日益显著，长期存活率从1979 - 1980年的25%大幅提高到1997年的73%，同期质量调整存活率从19%提高到59%。随着时间推移，其效率一直相对较高且稳定，与许多其他医疗保健项目相比具有优势。它的可及性也在不断提高，在最近时期，出生于三级围产期中心以外的极低出生体重婴儿不到10%，并且随着时间的推移，有更多比例的极低出生体重婴儿能够获得重症监护。未来应定期对新生儿重症监护进行重新评估，以确保其有效性、效率和可及性得以维持。
