Anderson Patricia L, Weiss Michael J, Hellmich Richard L, Hoffmann Michael P, Wright Mark G
Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105-5346, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2003 Apr;96(2):361-9. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493-96.2.361.
The interaction between millet and European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), was investigated to gain insight into whether millet could serve as a refuge or trap crop for O. nubilalis management. In 1995, 1996, and 1999, millet selection studies were conducted in North Dakota and New York with four millet species. Proso millet, Panicum milliaceum L., had the highest infestation and widest distribution of O. nubilalis developmental stages, indicating the presence of both univoltine and bivoltine ecotypes. Siberian foxtail millet, Setaria italica (L.) Beauvois, harbored the greatest number of adults, followed by German foxtail millet, Setaria italica (L.) Beauvois. These two millets appeared to serve as better aggregation sites than proso millet. In North Dakota in 1997, proso millet planting date studies showed later planting dates were more heavily infested than earlier dates; in 1998, this trend was reversed. The change in trends between years was probably a result of differences in the respective growing seasons and subsequent differences in O. nubilalis flights. Adult sampling showed that both old and young females aggregated in proso millet during the day; however, at night, it appeared that young females moved out of millet to oviposit, whereas old females remained in millet. Egg masses were detected in proso millet over a 7-d period in 1997 and a 4-d period in 1998. Larval sampling showed planting proso millet between late May and mid-June may maximize the presence of individuals from both O. nubilalis ecotypes. Once the optimal combination of planting date, plant density, and millet type is found, millet may serve as an effective refuge or trap crop for O. nubilalis management.
为深入了解黍能否作为欧洲玉米螟[Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)]治理的避难作物或诱集作物，对黍与欧洲玉米螟之间的相互作用进行了研究。1995年、1996年和1999年，在北达科他州和纽约州用4种黍开展了黍的选择研究。黍（Panicum milliaceum L.）受欧洲玉米螟侵害程度最高，且其发育阶段分布最广，表明存在一化性和二化性生态型。西伯利亚粟[Setaria italica (L.) Beauvois]成虫数量最多，其次是德国粟[Setaria italica (L.) Beauvois]。这两种粟似乎比黍更适合作为聚集场所。1997年在北达科他州，黍的播种期研究表明，较晚播种期的受侵害程度比早播期更严重；1998年，这种趋势发生了逆转。年份间趋势的变化可能是由于各自生长季节的差异以及随后欧洲玉米螟飞行情况的差异所致。成虫采样表明，老龄和幼龄雌虫在白天都聚集在黍中；然而，在夜间，似乎幼龄雌虫会离开黍去产卵，而老龄雌虫则留在黍中。1997年在7天时间内以及1998年在4天时间内在黍中检测到了卵块。幼虫采样表明，在5月下旬至6月中旬之间播种黍可能会使来自欧洲玉米螟两种生态型的个体数量最大化。一旦找到播种期、种植密度和黍品种的最佳组合，黍可能会成为欧洲玉米螟治理的有效避难作物或诱集作物。
