年轻的受过训练和未受过训练的标准赛马的骨骼肌特征

Skeletal muscle characteristics in young trained and untrained standardbred trotters.

作者信息

Ronéus M, Essén-Gustavsson B, Lindholm A, Persson S G

机构信息

Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.

出版信息

Equine Vet J. 1992 Jul;24(4):292-4. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1992.tb02838.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1992.tb02838.x

PMID:1499537

Abstract

Muscle biopsies were taken from the middle gluteal muscle of 28 Standardbred trotters, 3-4 years of age. The 13 horses in Group T were trained consistently from 18 months of age, whereas the 15 horses in Group UT were not exposed to any systematic training before 3 years of age. Group T horses had a lower percentage of Type IIB fibres (31%) than did Group UT horses (39%). Citrate synthase (CS) activity, representing oxidative capacity, was higher in Group T (72 mmol kg-1 min-1) than in Group UT (47 mmol kg-1 min-1). Biopsies were taken from 4 horses in each group when they were foals and then annually until 3-4 years of age. Results from this study indicate that regular training of Standardbreds from 18 months of age resulted in increased CS activity and a decrease in the percentage of Type IIB fibres. This study shows that training, not growth, is the main factor that induces a high oxidative capacity and a high Type IIA/IIB fibre ratio in muscle of Standardbred trotters.

摘要

对28匹3至4岁的标准赛马的臀中肌进行了肌肉活检。T组的13匹马从18个月大开始持续接受训练，而UT组的15匹马在3岁之前未接受任何系统训练。T组马的IIB型纤维百分比（31%）低于UT组马（39%）。代表氧化能力的柠檬酸合酶（CS）活性在T组（72 mmol·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹）高于UT组（47 mmol·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹）。每组中的4匹马在幼驹期时进行了活检，然后每年进行一次，直至3至4岁。本研究结果表明，从18个月大开始对标准赛马进行定期训练可使CS活性增加，IIB型纤维百分比降低。本研究表明，训练而非生长是导致标准赛马肌肉具有高氧化能力和高IIA/IIB纤维比例的主要因素。