Atwood H L
Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Exp Gerontol. 1992;27(1):51-61. doi: 10.1016/0531-5565(92)90028-x.
Age-related changes in synaptic performance and plasticity are surveyed in crustacean neuromuscular systems. These systems are functionally differentiated into phasic and tonic types, with different attributes of synaptic function and plasticity. Conversion of phasic neuromuscular junctions to a more phasic phenotype can be brought about by altering the activity of selected neurons. This type of plasticity disappears in older animals in some motor neurons, but is retained in others. Developmental programs set constraints on the age-dependent modifications of plasticity. Crustacean motor neurons are often characterized by great longevity, with progressive addition of new branches and synapses to keep up with growth of innervated muscle cells. Certain age-related compensatory mechanisms found in neuromuscular junctions of other species may not be required in crustaceans.
在甲壳类动物的神经肌肉系统中研究了与年龄相关的突触性能和可塑性变化。这些系统在功能上分为相位型和紧张型，具有不同的突触功能和可塑性特征。通过改变特定神经元的活动，可以使相位型神经肌肉接头转变为更具相位特征的表型。这种可塑性在一些运动神经元的老年动物中消失，但在其他运动神经元中保留。发育程序对可塑性的年龄依赖性修饰设置了限制。甲壳类动物的运动神经元通常具有很长的寿命，会逐渐增加新的分支和突触以跟上受支配肌肉细胞的生长。在其他物种的神经肌肉接头中发现的某些与年龄相关的补偿机制在甲壳类动物中可能并不需要。
