Donohue B, Dickens Y, Lancer K, Covassin T, Hash A, Miller A, Genet J
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA.
Behav Modif. 2004 Mar;28(2):182-93. doi: 10.1177/0145445503259399.
Although investigations have consistently demonstrated the effectiveness of sport psychology interventions, these methods have been underutilized by athletes. In this study, 124 athletes completed the athletes' Attitudes Toward Seeking Sport Psychology Consultation Questionnaire (ATSSPCQ) and were subsequently randomly assigned to receive one of the two semistructured interview formats. One interview focused on discussing the athlete's experiences in sports, and the other focused on delineating sport psychology and its potential benefits to the athlete. Upon being interviewed, athletes were readministered the ATSSPCQ. Discussing sport psychology and its personal benefits was more effective in enhancing athletes' perception of need for sport psychology than discussing sport experiences. However, neither interview format enhanced athletes' perceptions of openness to discuss personal issues with a sport psychology consultant and tolerance of stigma associated with sport psychology consultation. Indeed, participants who received the discussion of sports intervention reported a significant decrease in personal openness to discuss personal issues relevant to sports psychology from pre- to postintervention. Intervention effects were similar for male and female athletes. Study implications and future directions are discussed in light of these results.
尽管调查一直表明运动心理学干预措施是有效的，但这些方法在运动员中并未得到充分利用。在本研究中，124名运动员完成了《运动员对寻求运动心理学咨询的态度问卷》（ATSSPCQ），随后被随机分配接受两种半结构化访谈形式中的一种。一种访谈侧重于讨论运动员的运动经历，另一种侧重于阐述运动心理学及其对运动员的潜在益处。在接受访谈后，再次让运动员填写ATSSPCQ。与讨论运动经历相比，讨论运动心理学及其个人益处对于增强运动员对运动心理学需求的认知更为有效。然而，两种访谈形式均未增强运动员与运动心理学顾问讨论个人问题的开放程度以及对与运动心理学咨询相关污名的容忍度。事实上，接受运动干预讨论的参与者在干预前后报告称，在讨论与运动心理学相关的个人问题时，个人开放程度显著降低。男性和女性运动员的干预效果相似。根据这些结果讨论了研究意义和未来方向。
