Conder G A, Zielinski R J, Johnson S S, Kuo M S, Cox D L, Marshall V P, Haber C L, DiRoma P J, Nelson S J, Conklin R D
Upjohn Laboratories, Parasitology Research and Chemical and Biological Screening, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001.
J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1992 Jun;45(6):977-83. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.45.977.
Dioxapyrrolomycin, pyrrolomycin C, pyrrolomycin D, and piericidin C2 produced by UC 11065 were evaluated as anthelmintics. Assays used to examine these compounds included effects on the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, ability to clear target nematodes (Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis) from jirds, and clearance of Haemonchus contortus from lambs. A crude extract of UC 11065 containing dioxapyrrolomycin, pyrrolomycin C, pyrrolomycin D, and piericidin C2 was active against C. elegans and against H. contortus in the jird. Purified and/or synthetic samples of dioxapyrrolomycin, pyrrolomycin C, pyrrolomycin D, and piericidin C2 were tested in the jird model; only dioxapyrrolomycin exhibited appreciable activity against H. contortus (greater than or equal to 90.9% clearance at 0.33 mg/jird), while none of the compounds showed appreciable activity against T. colubriformis. Dioxapyrrolomycin cleared 99.9% of H. contortus from lambs at 12.5 mg/kg. An in vitro migration study using susceptible and closantel-resistant H. contortus showed there is cross-resistance between dioxapyrrolomycin and closantel. Dioxapyrrolomycin appears to be a narrow-spectrum anthelmintic which works through a closantel-like mode-of-action.
