Pellerin N, Candas V
Centre d'Etudes de Physiologie Appliquée-CNRS, rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
Indoor Air. 2004 Apr;14(2):129-36. doi: 10.1046/j.1600-0668.2003.00221.x.
The combined effects of noise and temperature on environmental perception and acceptability were studied on 18 lightly clothed subjects (0.6 clo), individually exposed for 2 h in a climatic chamber. Three homogeneous climatic conditions were chosen (air temperature at 18, 24 or 30 degrees C, air velocity =0.1 m/s). For each of them, three different noise levels were continuously maintained (35, 60, 75 dBA, recorded fan noise). The 18 subjects were divided into three groups and each group experienced only one single thermal condition, at each level of noise, during three different experimental sessions. Subjective answers about perception and comfort were obtained at t = 30 and 120 min. Main results indicate that acoustic perception decreases when thermal environment is far from thermoneutrality. Although the combined effects of noise and temperature did not influence the physiological data, our results show that whatever the ambient temperature, thermal unpleasantness is higher when noise level increases. Finally, equivalence between acoustic and thermal sensations is proposed for short-term exposure (1 degree C = 2.6 dBA) and for steady state (1 degrees C = 2.9 dBA). In conclusion, this study strongly suggests that interactions between environmental components do exist, right from perceptual level, and might explain some combined effects on cognitive performance.
研究了噪声和温度对环境感知与可接受性的综合影响，18名穿着轻便（0.6 clo）的受试者在气候舱中单独暴露2小时。选择了三种均匀的气候条件（空气温度分别为18、24或30摄氏度，风速=0.1米/秒）。对于每种条件，持续维持三种不同的噪声水平（35、60、75分贝A，记录的风扇噪声）。18名受试者分为三组，每组在三个不同的实验时段内，在每个噪声水平下仅经历一种单一的热环境条件。在t = 30分钟和120分钟时获得了关于感知和舒适度的主观答案。主要结果表明，当热环境远离热中性时，听觉感知会下降。虽然噪声和温度的综合影响并未影响生理数据，但我们的结果表明，无论环境温度如何，噪声水平增加时热不适感都会更高。最后，提出了短期暴露（1摄氏度 = 2.6分贝A）和稳态（1摄氏度 = 2.9分贝A）下声学和热感觉的等效性。总之，本研究强烈表明，环境因素之间的相互作用确实存在，从感知层面就开始了，并且可能解释了对认知表现的一些综合影响。
