Sirovich Brenda E, Welch H Gilbert
VA Outcomes Group (111B), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, VT 50009, USA.
J Gen Intern Med. 2004 Mar;19(3):243-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.21107.x.
U.S. professional medical societies and the national health systems of all other industrialized nations recommend that most women need not undergo Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screening annually. There are no data, however, regarding the frequency at which women actually undergo screening.
To describe the frequency of cervical cancer screening in the United States.
National Health Interview Survey, a cross-sectional population-based telephone survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics.
Representative sample of U.S. women age 21 and older who denied a history of cancer (N = 16,467).
Pap smear screening frequency, categorized as no regular screening or screening at 1 of 3 discrete screening intervals (every year, every 2 years, or every 3 years) based on each woman's reported number of Pap smears in the previous 6 years.
The vast majority (93%) of American women report having had at least one Pap smear in their lifetime. Among women with no history of abnormal smears, 55% undergo Pap smear screening annually, 17% report a 2-year screening interval, 16% report being screened every 3 years, and 11% are not being screened regularly. Even the very elderly report frequent screening-38% of women age 75 to 84 and 20% of women age 85 and older reported annual Pap smears. Overall, 20% of women reported having had at least one abnormal Pap smear. Among these women, rates of frequent Pap smear screening are considerably higher-80% undergo annual screening, with only a modest decline in screening frequency with increasing age.
The majority of American women report being screened for cervical cancer more frequently than recommended. Lengthening the screening interval would not only reduce the volume of specimens that cytotechnologists are required to read, but would also reduce the follow-up testing after abnormal smears.
美国专业医学协会以及所有其他工业化国家的国家卫生系统均建议，大多数女性无需每年进行巴氏涂片筛查。然而，尚无关于女性实际进行筛查频率的数据。
描述美国宫颈癌筛查的频率。
国家健康访谈调查，这是一项由国家卫生统计中心开展的基于人群的横断面电话调查。
年龄在21岁及以上且否认有癌症病史的美国女性代表性样本（N = 16,467）。
巴氏涂片筛查频率，根据每位女性报告的前6年巴氏涂片次数，分为无定期筛查或在3个离散筛查间隔之一（每年、每2年或每3年）进行筛查。
绝大多数（93%）美国女性报告一生中至少进行过一次巴氏涂片检查。在无涂片异常病史的女性中，55%每年进行巴氏涂片筛查，17%报告筛查间隔为2年，16%报告每3年筛查一次，11%未定期筛查。甚至高龄女性也报告筛查频繁——75至84岁女性中有38%以及85岁及以上女性中有20%报告每年进行巴氏涂片检查。总体而言，20%的女性报告至少有一次巴氏涂片异常。在这些女性中，频繁进行巴氏涂片筛查的比例要高得多——80%每年进行筛查，且随着年龄增长筛查频率仅略有下降。
大多数美国女性报告的宫颈癌筛查频率高于推荐频率。延长筛查间隔不仅会减少细胞技术人员需要阅片的标本数量，还会减少涂片异常后的后续检测。
