肾脏中的AT1和AT2受体：在健康与疾病中的作用。
AT1 and AT2 receptor in the kidney: role in health and disease.
作者信息
Siragy Helmy M
机构信息
Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, 22908, USA.
出版信息
Semin Nephrol. 2004 Mar;24(2):93-100. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2003.11.009.
The renin angiotensin system plays an important role in the control of body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and blood pressure regulation. Angiotensin II is the most effector hormone of this system and functions mainly through stimulation of its subtype receptors, namely, the AT1 and AT2 receptors. Most of the known physiological and pathologic effects of angiotensin II are mediated through stimulation of the AT1 receptor. The knowledge about the involvement of the AT2 receptor in physiological and pathologic processes is still evolving. In the kidney, both the AT1 and AT2 receptors contribute to the regulation of renal hemodynamic and tubular functions. Also, these receptors regulate renal cellular growth and matrix formation. However, AT2 receptor possesses functions that counteract the effects of the AT1 receptor. The balance between the AT1 and AT2 receptors can determine the renal status in health and disease.
肾素 - 血管紧张素系统在控制体液和电解质平衡以及血压调节中发挥着重要作用。血管紧张素II是该系统中最具效应的激素，主要通过刺激其亚型受体（即AT1和AT2受体）发挥作用。血管紧张素II的大多数已知生理和病理作用是通过刺激AT1受体介导的。关于AT2受体在生理和病理过程中的参与情况的认识仍在不断发展。在肾脏中，AT1和AT2受体都有助于调节肾血流动力学和肾小管功能。此外，这些受体还调节肾细胞生长和基质形成。然而，AT2受体具有抵消AT1受体作用的功能。AT1和AT2受体之间的平衡可以决定健康和疾病状态下的肾脏状况。
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