Delta 2-valproate biotransformation using human liver microsomal fractions.

The metabolism of 2-n-propyl-2-pentenoate (delta 2-VPA) was evaluated in human hepatic microsomal fractions. Two biotransformation pathways have been particularly investigated. In the presence of the cytochrome P-450 co-factor, NADPH, the main metabolites recovered were delta 3-VPA, delta 2,4-VPA and VPA. The glucuronidation of delta 2-VPA was also studied on various hepatic microsomal fractions using Brij 35 as activator and UDP-glucuronic acid as co-factor. A large interindividual variability occurred in this metabolic pathway. Km and Vmax were 0.85 mmol/l and 1.75 nmol.min-1.mg-1, respectively, for delta 2-VPA and 1.11 mmol/l and 5.71 nmol.min-1.mg-1 for VPA, respectively. The good correlation (r = 0.82; p less than 0.001) observed between the glucuronidation of VPA and delta 2-VPA as well as the mutual inhibition of each other's glucuronidation strongly suggests that (a) common single UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isoenzyme(s) was (were) involved in this glucuronidation step. The glucuronidation of specific substrates for various UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isoenzymes showed a good relationship between the glucuronidations of delta 2-VPA and morphine, a substrate for UDP-glucuronosyltransferase-2B. Moreover, morphine competitively inhibits delta 2-VPA glucuronidation. It seems the same isoenzyme or, at least, (a) very closely related isoenzyme(s) belonging to UDP-glucuronosyltransferase-2 isoenzyme, is involved in delta 2-VPA glucuronidation.