McKoon G, Ratcliff R
Psychology Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208.
Psychol Rev. 1992 Jul;99(3):440-66. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.99.3.440.
Most current theories of text processing assume a constructionist view of inference processing. In this article, an alternative view is proposed, labeled the minimalist hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, the only inferences that are encoded automatically during reading are those that are based on easily available information, either from explicit statements in the text or from general knowledge, and those that are required to make statements in the text locally coherent. The minimalist hypothesis is shown to be supported by previous research and by the results of several new experiments. It is also argued that automatically encoded minimalist inferences provide the basic representation of textual information from which more goal-directed, purposeful inferences are constructed.
当前大多数文本处理理论都假定推理处理是一种建构主义观点。在本文中，我们提出了另一种观点，即最简假设。根据这一假设，阅读过程中自动编码的唯一推理是那些基于易于获取的信息的推理，这些信息要么来自文本中的明确陈述，要么来自常识，以及那些使文本在局部上连贯所需的推理。研究表明，先前的研究以及几个新实验的结果都支持最简假设。同时也有人认为，自动编码的最简推理提供了文本信息的基本表征，在此基础上可以构建更具目标导向、更有目的的推理。
